During atherosclerosis, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol accumulates in macrophages to form foam cells. Macrophage uptake of LDL promotes foam cell formation but the mechanism mediating this process is not clear. The present study investigates the mechanism of LDL uptake for macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-differentiated murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. LDL ...

To study the mechanisms of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowering by peroral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), 79 hysterectomized postmenopausal women aged 48 to 62 years were randomized in a double-blind double-dummy trial to receive either peroral estradiol valerate (2 mg/d) or transdermal estradiol gel (1 mg/d) for 6 months. Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased from...

Background: The relation between serum lipids and risk of coronary events has been established, but there are no data demonstrating directly the relation between serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol versus serial changes in coronary plaque dimensions. Methods and Results: We performed standard analyses of serial intravascular ultrasound ...

Ultracentrifugally isolated high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles of d greater than 1.125 g/ml promote net transport of cholesterol from cultured cells. Consequently, when cultured human fibroblasts and arterial smooth muscle cells were incubated with HDL3 (d = 1.125-1.21 g/ml) and "very high" density lipoprotein (VHDL, d = 1.21-1.25 g/ml), low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity was...

Recently much evidence has accumulated indicating that oxidative modification of atherogenic lipoproteins plays an important role in atherogenesis. The goal of this study was to ascertain whether any association exists between this and the previously incriminated risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease like age, gender and cholesterol concentration. Serum lipid profile, low-densi...

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a major role in regulating the levels of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol. We previously observed a fish-oil-induced elevation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol concentrations and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration in F1B hamsters. The molecular mechanism/s ...

The regulation of hepatic cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism was studied in the ethinyl estradiol-treated rat in which low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors are increased many fold. Cholesterol synthesis was reduced at both its diurnal peak and trough by ethinyl estradiol. The diurnal variation in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase was abolished, whereas that for ac...

Whether lipid profiles should be measured in the fasting or nonfasting state is a hot topic (1, 2 ). The fasting state is that used conventionally (3, 4 ); however, it would be much simpler for patients worldwide if a lipid profile could be taken at any time of the day, irrespective of the time since and the content of the last meal. In both the US and Europe, LDL cholesterol is currently consi...

BACKGROUND Statin therapy influences not only low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels but also LDL-related biomarkers, including non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B, total number of LDL particles, and mean LDL particle size. Recent studies have identified many genetic loci influencing circulating lipid levels and statin-induced LDL cholesterol reducti...

Background—The relation between serum lipids and risk of coronary events has been established, but there are no data demonstrating directly the relation between serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol versus serial changes in coronary plaque dimensions. Methods and Results—We performed standard analyses of serial intravascular ultrasound (I...