Objective. To describe the chloride balance in infants born 25-32-week gestation, analyze the association of chloride changes with hydroelectrolytic status and their relationship with perinatal conditions, morbidities, and neurological outcome. Methods. For 7 days after birth, sodium and chloride balance, plasma potassium, phosphate, and total carbon dioxide (tCO(2)) were prospectively determin...

The 521-pigment extracted out of the retina of the Tokay gecko has the typical stereospecificity of the vertebrate visual pigments. This is true for the pigment in the chloride-depleted, "blue-shifted" state as well as for the normal pigment with added chloride. While in the chloride-deficient state, pigment regeneration occurred with both 11-cis- and 9-cis-retinals and the regenerated photopig...

Inhibition of purified AMP-deaminase from chicken breast muscle by phosphate esters and inorganic phosphate has been investigated. When tested at a concentration of 3 mM, in the presence of 0.15 M potassium chloride, the order of effectiveness as inhibitors of deaminase activity was: 2,3diphosphoglyceric acid, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 2-phosphoenolpyruvate, fructose 1,6di...

backgrounds and aims: stroke incidence rate has increased during the past 2 decades. the question of whether calcium, chloride, potassium, sodium levels are associated with stroke has remained controversial. the present study aimed to evaluate the serum levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride within stroke patients. materials and methods: the study participants consisted of 53 cconse...

results the hemostatic time of aluminum chloride 50%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5% were 8.20 ± 0.919, 14.10 ± 1.37, 21.20 ± 1.31, 30.80 ± 1.68 and 42.00 ± 4.19 seconds, respectively. also, the mean hemostasis time in the control group (suture) was 84.00 ± 4.05 seconds. the hemostatic times of different concentrations of aluminum chloride were significantly less than that of the control group. there was...

Two hundred and forty Hubbard Classic broiler chicks were used in a 35 day trial at Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University farm, Bangladesh to study the effects of supplemental choline chloride on performance parameters, carcass characteristics and their association in commercial broiler. All birds had free access to ad libitum feeding. Birds were fed four types of diet i.e. diet w...

background: since heavy metals can accumulate in the tissues of aquatic organisms, they can cause a range of hazardous effects which can become harmful to humans. the aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of some heavy metals as potential dangerous substances by assessing the mortality effects of mercuric chloride (hgcl2), lead chloride (pbcl2) and zinc sulfate (znso4) pollutan...

thionyl chloride (or oxalyl chloride) has been used as an efficient and cheap acid activator for one-pot synthesis of β-lactams in good to excellent yields by reaction between imines and acids in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature.