PURPOSE To investigate verbal memory after epilepsy surgery both group-wise and at the level of individual children, and to assess associations with side of surgery and removal of the temporal lobe. METHODS A prospective controlled study in a consecutive sample of 21 children undergoing epilepsy surgery, with comprehensive assessments of verbal memory before surgery and six, 12 and 24 months ...

vesicoureteral reflux (vur) is one of the most important causes of urinary tract infection and renal failure in children. it is a potentially self-limited disease. the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course and significant factors in children with primary vur. the medical charts of 125 infants and children (27.2 % males, 72.8% females) with all grades of primary vur were retrospe...

background being in a position of vulnerability, distress and uncertainty reduces the ability of the parents to protect their children and makes them need support from others. the first step to aid clients more is to identify their supportive sources. this study aimed to determine parents' experiences of supportive sources during their children surgery. materials and methods this is a desc...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and medical comorbidities on outcomes after lingual tonsillectomy and supraglottoplasty performed for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) caused by lingual tonsillar hypertrophy and occult laryngomalacia. DESIGN Retrospective case review series SETTING Academi...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of caudal bupivacaine and bupivacaine-tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing hypospadias surgery. STUDY DESIGN Quasi experimental study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from February 2006 to August 2007. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted on 60 male children un...

AIM To investigate changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in children after congenital cataract surgery, as well as risk factors associated with these changes. METHODS 37 eyes of 26 children with congenital cataract undergoing surgery were prospectively recruited. IOP and CCT measurements were performed before the surgery and 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months afte...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether tonsillectomy in children leads to subsequent reduction in mouth opening. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from October 2005 to December 2006. METHODOLOGY A total of 42 children undergoing tonsillectomy (Group A = requiring insertion of a mouth gag) and 44 pat...