The systems studied in the special sciences are often said to be causally autonomous, in the sense that their higher-level properties have causal powers that are independent of those of their more basic physical properties. This view was espoused by the British emergentists, who claimed that systems achieving a certain level of organizational complexity have distinctive causal powers that emerg...

This technical report serves to provide the evidence base for the American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statements "Clinical Practice Policy to Protect Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke" and "Public Policy to Protect Children From Tobacco, Nicotine, and Tobacco Smoke." Tobacco use and involuntary exposure are major preventable causes of morbidity and premature mortality in adu...

One of the biggest challenges for an organisation and for clinicians and practitioners is implementing a new program or a new practice. Following an 18 month research project and the recruitment of an Eating Disorders Coordinator the MCH and Mater CYMHS have developed and implemented a number of protocols across its service to ensure consistency in the continuum of care and to ensure that treat...

Every language may have some entities which may not be owned by another language. The uniqueness of a language is strongly influenced by the culture of its native speakers. Therefore, languages vary cross-culturally. I strongly believe that the way the Javanese people (one of the Indonesian ethnic groups) express politeness is also influenced by the Javanese culture. This article tries to exami...

Bollinger, K. E., P. A. Cook, and P. S. Sandhu, “Synchronous Generator Controller Synthesis Using Moving Boundary Search Techniques with Frequency Domain Constraints,” ZEEE Trans. Power Apparatus Syst., PAS-98 1497 (1979). Box, M. J., “A New Method of Constrained Optimization and a Comparison with Other Methods,” Computer J., 8,42 (1965). Chidambara, M. R. , “Chemical Process Control-A New Tech...

1994). The RecBCD enzyme binds the dsDNA breaks Double-stranded DNA break repair and homologous with a high affinity and then proceeds to unwind while recombination in E. coli are initiated by the RecBCD simultaneously degrading the DNA (Telander-Muskaenzyme, which unwinds and simultaneously degrades vitch and Linn, 1981; Taylor and Smith, 1985). This degDNA from a double-stranded DNA end. This...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) has made protecting children's environmental health its highest priority. Data on how and when children may be at risk are vital for accomplishing this goal. Recent examples of the link between research and policy include U.S. EPA actions to carry out the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences on pesticides in children's food, red...

School children with diabetes are facing increasing difficulties in receiving care during the school day. Despite theexistence of federal statutes ensuring their rights to a free, appropriate public education, many school districts throughout the country do little, if anything, to ensure that their condition is treated throughout the school day. The chronic shortage of school nurses has resulte...

On December 15, 1997, the cover of People magazine showed the solemn and frightened face of a two-year-old named Peter who was on his way to a New York City shelter after violence broke out in his home. The article inside the magazine, called “A Day in the Life,” was unusual in its approach to the emotional issue of child abuse. Rather than give a wrenching account of Peter’s experiences, it fo...