BACKGROUND Respimat(®) Soft Mist(™) Inhaler (SMI) is a hand-held device that generates an aerosol with a high, fine-particle fraction, enabling efficient lung deposition. The study objective was to assess inhalation success among children using Respimat SMI, and the requirement for assistance by the parent/caregiver and/or a valved holding chamber (VHC). METHODS This open-label study enrolled...

the impulse oscillation system (ios) measures respiratory impedance (zrs) in terms of resistance (rrs) and reactance (xrs) at multiples of 5 hz. these measurements can be used clinically to help diagnose and monitor respiratory disorders, independent of effort. there is, as yet, no information on reference values for ios in iranian adolescents. the predictive equation for resistance and impedan...

BACKGROUND Malaria control campaigns have reduced malaria transmission to very low levels in many areas of Africa. Yet the extent to which malaria interruption or elimination might decrease the prevalence of anemia in areas of low malaria transmission is unknown. METHODS Kapsisiywa and Kipsamoite, highland areas of Kenya with low, unstable malaria transmission, experienced a 12-month interrup...

AIM This was to assess the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) among preschool children attending nursery schools and to compare the results with those of a previous survey where the investigators used the term and diagnosis for Baby Bottle Tooth Decay (BBTD) syndrome. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 1006 children aged 1-6 years was carried out. WHO recommendations for oral health ...

Purpose – This study aims to find the effect of using TikTok application on language skills development children aged 5-6 years, including speaking, reading, delivering expressions, and understanding stories in group B at TK Laboratory UM Blitar City.Design/methods/approach The research method used is quasi-experimental with One-Group Pre-test Post-test Design. data was obtained through observa...

OBJECTIVE To assess whether increased awareness and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and national guidance on tonsillectomy for recurrent tonsillitis have influenced the socio-demographic profile of children who underwent tonsillectomy over the last decade. METHOD Retrospective time-trends study of Hospital Episodes Statistics data. We examined the age, sex and deprivatio...

OBJECTIVE To assess relations between children's health and development and maternal age. DESIGN Observational study of longitudinal cohorts. SETTING Millennium Cohort Study (a random sample of UK children) and the National Evaluation of Sure Start study (a random sample of children in deprived areas in England), 2001 to 2007. PARTICIPANTS 31,257 children at age 9 months, 24,781 children ...