The threshold requirement for surrogate motherhood entails that a commissioning parent or parents must be permanently unable to give birth to a child. The question of whether a commissioning mother who suffers from a permanent illness that does not cause infertility as such, but that renders pregnancy a significant health risk to such mother and/or to her prospective child in utero, has arisen ...

BACKGROUND Using population-based linked records of births, deaths, birth defects and hospital admissions for children born 1980-1999 enables profiles of hospital morbidity to be created for each child. METHODS This is an analysis of a state-based registry of birth defects linked to population-based hospital admission data. Transfers and readmissions within one day could be taken into account...

Abstract Background: There is further evidence of breast feeding benefits for mother and infant health. In some regions of the world the rate of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of infant’s life has been decreased. The most important factors associated with the problem are socio-economic variables such as maternal age, mother’s employment status, level of education, and infant...

The aim of this study is to describe the experiences of becoming a parent to a child with birth asphyxia treated with hypothermia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In line with the medical advances, the survival of critically ill infants with increased risk of morbidity is increasing. Children who survive birth asphyxia are at a higher risk of functional impairments, cerebral palsy (C...

Literature is the mirror of life. Tamil literature portrays background influences human Folklore a growing genre in literature. collection incidents that occur life people from birth to death. Folk songs delight not only singers and listeners but it also makes poets great peoples happier. Many are influenced by folk songs. Lullabies kind Lullaby first song child hears after his/her birth. Even ...

BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated that the season of birth may predict development of emotional and behavioral regulation during childhood or adolescence. This study examined whether the season of birth predicts effortful control (i.e., the ability to voluntarily choose course of actions during conflict and to plan for the future) and aggression (i.e., the use of physical force and ...

This study examines predictors of a cumulative measure of high-risk births, rather than single risks separately, as in prior research. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort survey, we incorporate data from fathers and mothers to assess characteristics associated with births subsequent to a focal child's birth within high-risk circumstances. Components of a high-risk birth in...

OBJECTIVE To study the role of birth weight, nutrition, immunization and other medical as well as social factors in determining child survival. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING 45 villages in Shirur Development Block in Pune District in Maharashtra. METHODS A cohort of 4129 children were followed from birth till 5 years of age. Weight and length/height of the child was measured ...