Elements in accordance with a certain proportion and spatial arrangement constitute the microstructure of building materials, which lead to specific property function macro. From perspective element chemistry, we divide common materials into three categories: silicon-based carbon-based iron-based materials. Then, knowledge valence electron structure electronic configuration, systematically expo...

The spatial and temporal variability of chemical signals in lavas, residues and melt inclusions provides important constraints on source heterogeneity, the efficiency of convection, and melt transport processes in the mantle. The past decade has seen an impressive increase in the number, precision and spatial resolution of chemical analyses. However, as resolution has increased, the picture of ...

Isotope ratios have opened a new window into the study of the details of stellar evolution, supernovae, and galactic chemical evolution. We present the evolution of the isotope ratios of elemental abundances (from C to Zn) in the solar neighbourhood, bulge, halo, and thick disk, using chemical evolution models with updated yields of Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and core-collapse supernov...

In this paper, the temperature and concentration of species around a vessel using reaction diffusion relations were investigated. The reactions between 3 chemical species, relationship changes rate studied. novelty paper is use different coefficients material with constants also considering materials involved in non-heat sources heat source modes. So that showed transfer substances form two-dim...

Introduction We describe recent developments in the design and implementation of nite element methods for the Navier-Stokes equations modelling chemically reactive ows. The emphasize is on the low-Mach number regime including the limit case of incompressible ow. The most important ingredients are residual driven a posteriori mesh reenement, fully coupled defect-correction iteration for lineariz...

The major chemical feature of an element is the number of electrons available for forming chemical bonds. A doctrine rooted in the atomic shell model states that the atoms will maintain a complete inner shell while interacting with other atoms. Therefore, group IA elements, for example, are invariably stable in the +1 charge state because the p electrons of their inner shells do not react with ...