Colonial variants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae differing in color and opacity characteristics are distributed differently between male urethral and female cervical cultures. Colonial characteristics of cultures isolated from female cervices differ with time of isolation within the menstrual cycle and use of oral contraceptives. These differences may reflect selective forces in the ecology of the ce...

A narrow passage called the cervical canal (or endocervical canal) goes from your vagina to the inside of your womb. This is normally kept tightly shut. However, it allows blood to flow out from your uterus during a period and sperm to travel inside when you have sex. It opens very wide during labour when you have a baby. The surface of your cervix is covered with skin-like cells. There are als...

The aim of the present study was to describe whether abnormal cervical mucus discharge (A-CMD) or pathogens in cervical mucus discharge (CMD) have effects on reproductive performance of cows and heifers in estrus. Animals having clear discharges (68 cows, 38 heifers) with normal viscosity and without bad odor were grouped as normal cervical mucous discharge (N-CMD) group. The other animals (84 ...

To better understand why smokers are more likely to develop cervical cancer than nonsmokers, we investigated laboratory and demographic differences between the two groups. Women between the ages of 18 and 49 who attended eleven community clinics in the San Francisco Bay Area were studied to investigate differences between smokers and nonsmokers. The 332 smokers and 365 nonsmokers were queried a...

We have developed human cervicovaginal organ culture systems to examine the initiating events in HIV transmission after exposure to various sources of HIV infectivity, including semen. Newly infected cells were detected in the cervical submucosa 3-4 days after exposure to a primary HIV isolate. At earlier times, extensive and stable binding occurred when cervical surfaces were exposed to virion...

The technique of embryo transfer is very crucial and great attention and time should be given to this step. In order to optimize the embryo transfer technique, several precautions should be taken. The first and most important is to avoid the initiation of uterine contractility. This can be achieved by the use of soft catheters, gentle manipulation and by avoiding touching the fundus. Secondly, ...

Objective To determine the effectiveness of achieving pregnancy with focused intercourse in the fertile window identified using natural fertility indicators. Methods 24-cycle prospective effectiveness study. Setting A North American web-based fertility monitoring service. Participants 256 North American women aged 20-43 (mean age 29.2 years) seeking to achieve pregnancy. Intervention Pa...