ABSTRACT Citriculture is a growing industry in Pará state, Brazil, but information regarding fruit flies and their associated parasitoids this region lacking. To address gap knowledge, we collected oranges (Citrus sinensis), lime (C. common sweet limes limettioides), citrons medica) mandarins reticulata). We recorded field infestation by Anastrepha obliqua C. sinensis under natural conditions f...

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Cordyceps sinensis on dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in rats. METHODS SD rats were divided into normal control group, untreated group and Cordyceps sinensis-treated group. The rats in each group were fed with corresponding drug for 4 weeks. The rat's liver collagen deposition was observed with collagen staining. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) contents in li...

Outbreaks of hemorrhagic syndrome-like disease with high mortality rates have frequently occurred in Pelodiscus sinensis farms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogen through challenge infection assays and partial sequencing of the genome of the pathogen. A 453-bp amplicon was obtained by random PCR using the nucleic acid extracted from the tissue homogenate filtrate and show...

The objective of this study was to illustrate the phylogenetic relationship of the species in the genus Craspedacusta in China. The medusae samples were collected at 28 localities in China representing seven described species with their entire ITS region (the contiguous sequences of ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 rDNA) rDNA sequences cloned. Among the 28 samples, the range of sequence variation in the c...

OBJECTIVES Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest induced either by telomere shortening (replicative senescence) or stress. The bronchial epithelial cell is often injured by inhaled toxic substances, such as cigarette smoke. In the present study, we investigated whether exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces senescence of bronchial epithelial cells; and Cordycep...

Cordyceps sinensis is an endoparasitic fungus widely used as a tonic and medicinal food in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In historical usage, Cordyceps specifically is referring to the species of C. sinensis. However, a number of closely related species are named themselves as Cordyceps, and they are sold commonly as C. sinensis. The substitutes and adulterants of C. sinen...

The Sun Moon lake in Central Taiwan is a known endemic area for clonorchiasis. Of the 45 fresh water fish, Hemiculter leucisculus, from the lake that were examined by artificial gastric juice digestion in October 1995, all were found to harbor metacercariae in their muscle. The number of metacercariae isolated from each fish ranged from 2 to 2,185, with an average of 254. A total of 11,443 meta...

The caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis is one of the most valuable medicinal fungi in the world, and it requires host insects in family Hepialidae (Lepidoptera) to complete its life cycle. However, the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structures of the host insects remain to be explored. We analyzed the genetic diversity and temporal and spatial distribution patterns of genetic var...

Theileria buffeli/orientalis is a group of benign and mildly pathogenic species of cattle and buffalo in various parts of the world. In a previous study, we identified T. buffeli in blood samples originating from the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Park (HIP) and the Addo Elephant Game Park (AEGP) in South Africa. The aim of this study was to characterise the 18S...

BACKGROUND Clonorchiasis, one of the most important food-borne trematodiases, affects more than 12 million people in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China). Spatially explicit risk estimates of Clonorchis sinensis infection are needed in order to target control interventions. METHODOLOGY Georeferenced survey data pertaining to infection prevalence of C. sinensis in P.R. China from 2000 o...