We investigated the incidence of cephalosporin-resistant bacteria in infected hip arthroplasties. Of 740 patients having hip replacement or related procedures performed over three years, 30 had positive bacteriological cultures from tissue removed at the time of surgery. In 18 of the 30 cultures Staphylococcus epidermidis was grown and 12 of these were methicillin-resistant. A prospective study...

In November 1997, all Enterobacteriaceae isolated at 15 hospitals in Brooklyn were collected. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were present in 44% of 409 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Six isolates had reduced susceptibility to carbapenems, including two that were not susceptible to any of the antibiotics tested. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed a commonality of resistant iso...

The study found 265 infants with SBI. Of those infants, 11% had meningitis, 25% had bacteremia or bacteremia with urinary tract infection, and 64% had urinary tract infection alone. Escherichia coli and group B Streptococcus were the predominate pathogens. There were no cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycinresistant Enterococcus, or penicillin-resistant Streptococcus ...

Patients with cancer and suspected sepsis were treated in a prospective, randomized trial with one of four cephalosporin-aminoglycoside combinations: cephalothin and tobramycin; cephalothin and gentamicin; cefamandole and tobramycin; or cefamandole and gentamicin. Carbenicillin was added if the absolute granulocyte count was less than 1,000/mm3. Of 199 patients receiving 20 to more doses of an ...

Cefatrizine (BL-S640), a semisynthetic, orally administered cephalosporin, was found to have an in vitro spectrum of activity comparable to those of four other cephalosporins tested. It is as effective as cephalexin, the other orally administered cephalosporin evaluated, against most species, and it appears to be more effective than cephalexin against many Enterobacter, Haemophilus, and Proteus...

The present study is concerned with the production of cephalosporin C by Cephalosporium acremonium C-10. Two culture media were tested for the production of antibiotic. Among these culture media M1 containing sucrose, ammonium acetate, cornstarch, sugar cane molasses, soybean meal, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and methyl oleate gave optimum production of cephalosporin C. The cultural con...

The formation of biofilm is a universal bacterial survival strategy. Biofilms occur on inert and living support in the natural environment and in industrial installations. This microenvironment leads to the horizontal transfer of genetic material between bacteria by physical contact. In order to evaluate the relationship between biofilm-forming capabilities, surface characteristics and plasmid ...

S-1090 is a new synthetic, nonesterified, oral cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The activities of S-1090 against the causative organisms in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology are superior to those of the currently prescribed oral cephems, cefdinir, cefpodoxime, and cefaclor. The in vivo efficacy of S-1090 was evaluated using uterine endometritis of model rats....

A total of 108 volunteers undergoing an elective surgical procedure were randomly given a single 2-g intravenous prophylactic dose of either a cephalosporin or mezlocillin. Stool samples were cultured for Clostridium difficile the day before the operation and later on postoperative days 4, 7, and 14. C. difficile was detected in 23.0% of patients who received a cephalosporin (cefoxitin, 8.3%; c...

The in vitro susceptibility of 155 strains of anaerobic bacteria to five cephalosporin antibiotics was tested. Cefoxitin was the most active against 33 isolates of Bacteroides fragilis; 82% of the strains were sensitive at 16 mug/ml. At 64 mug/ml cefazolin and cephaloridine were also generally effective. Cephalothin and cephalexin were relatively inactive versus B. fragilis. Cefoxitin, cephalor...