multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) characterized by inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. one of its pathophysiological hallmarks is demyelination, a consequence of oligodendroglial cell death leading supply shortfall and missing electrical insulation to axons. demyelination induced consequences on neuronal network activity and subsequen...

abstract we report a 54-year-old woman with the history of end-stage renal disease (esrd) who was admitted to our hospital because of volume overload. due to long-term use of peripheral veins and arteriovenous fistula (avf) failure, central venous catheterization was the only choice for hemodialysis. she developed right upper extremiti’s pain and paresis during hemodialysis. a posteroanterior c...

neurotrauma is one of the main medical problems that affect considerable number of population especially young persons in all countries. neurotrauma not only is a serious threat for life but also creates various disabilities and consequently imposes large costs to society. following central nervous system (cns) injury, tissue damage occurs via primary and secondary mechanisms. despite many atte...

a $p$-group $g$ is $p$-central if $g^{p}le z(g)$‎, ‎and $g$ is‎ ‎$p^{2}$-abelian if $(xy)^{p^{2}}=x^{p^{2}}y^{p^{2}}$ for all $x,yin‎ ‎g$‎. ‎we prove that for $g$ a finite $p^{2}$-abelian $p$-central ‎$p$-group‎, ‎excluding certain cases‎, ‎the order of $g$ divides the ‎order of $text{aut}(g)$‎.

a 16-years-old female patient with painless swelling of the right side of mandible is described. she noticed the swelling from two years ago, without painful symptoms. axial ct imaging showed buccal expansion with intact buccal and lingual cortical bone. the report of incisional biopsy was central odontogenic fibroma. under general anesthesia the lesion was removed after ostectomy of buccal cor...

context patients with hepatic dysfunction suffer from many problems and associated complications in organs other than the liver. therefore, it is very important to investigate the effects of different drugs in the treatment of these patients. due to the high consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), studying the effects of these drugs in patients with hepatic dysfunction is...

besides being a metabolite of nucleotides like atp, adenosine is a mediator of neuronal function in the central nervous system. its actions are mediated by at least three extracellular receptors. in this review different aspects of adenosine such as biosynthesis, release, inactivation and its receptors are discussed. it also covers pre- and postsynaptic effects as well as postreceptor mechanism...

the purpose of this study is finding the sensitivity of central bank independence measurements on its impact on inflation in iran. to this aim different measurements of the central bank independence were calculated using the indices of grilli et al. (1991), cukierman et al. (1992), mathew (2006) and dumiter (2009) for the period 1961-2012 . although results of correlation between cbi index and ...

here we consider all finite non-abelian 2-generator $p$-groups ($p$ an odd prime) of nilpotency class two and study the probability of having $n^{th}$-roots of them. also we find integers $n$ for which, these groups are $n$-central.

background: the current study was designed to compare the complications and adverse eff ects of central venous catheter (cvc) insertion under ultrasound guidance in patients with and without coagulopathy. materials and methods: in this clinical trial,59 patients who needed cvc for various reasons were enrolled. patients were divided into two groups of those with and without coagulopathy based o...