Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a mustard alkylating agent used in the treatment of a number of neoplastic diseases and as an immunosuppressant for the prevention of xenograft rejection. There are many reports that the teratogenic effects of cyclophosphamide can be prevented by application of antioxidant drugs and stimulation of the maternal immune system. Also, there is some evidence that L-carnitine...

background: the physiologic function of carnitine, oxidation of fatty acid and lipid  metabolism, is severely affected in carnitine deficiency, secondary forms of which lead to renal tubular disorders and chronic renal failure. reduction in serum carnitine has been frequently reported in patients and experimental animals treated with antiepileptic drugs, one of which, valproic acid has consiste...

Twelve sows were used to examine the effects of feeding L-carnitine from artificial insemination to mid-gestation on maternal circulating IGF-I and carnitine concentrations and fetal growth. Supplementing L-carnitine did not influence the serum concentration of IGF-I. However, sows that were fed carnitine had increased circulating plasma free carnitine. Litters from sows fed L-carnitine were he...

Carnitine is a small molecule widely present in all cells from prokaryotic to eukaryotic. It is an important element in β-oxidation of fatty acids. Carnitine is a scavenger of oxygen free radicals in mammalian tissues. Lack of carnitine in a hemodialysis patient can lead to carnitine deficiency. Oxidation of fatty acids and lipid metabolism are severly affected by carnitine deficiency. Oxidativ...

Chronic supplementation of L-carnitine and carbohydrate has been reported to increase L-carnitine content in skeletal muscle and have positive influences on exercise variables and performance. This study investigated the acute intake of L-carnitine and carbohydrate on the exercise parameters of cycling. A total of 10 males (27.0 ± 4 years) completed two exercise sessions consisting of 40 min of...

AIM This study was performed to test the hypothesis that urinary levels of L-carnitine and its derivatives are enhanced in children and adolescents with hypertension and also check if analyzed parameters may serve as early markers of subclinical renal damage. METHODS The study included 112 children and adolescents (67 males and 45 females) aged median 10-18 years. Participants were divided in...

BACKGROUND It is well known that the physical activity in chronic hemodialysis patients decreases compared to that in normal subjects. In order to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on physical capacity and lipid metabolism, a cardiopulmonary exercise test using a bicycle ergometer was performed before and after 3 months of oral L-carnitine supplementation under double-blind conditions. M...

We have previously reported that weanling rats fed a 20% wheat gluten diet, limiting in lysine and containing no detectable carnitine, have significantly lower levels of carnitine in skeletal and heart muscle than rats receiving adequate dietary lysine. Rats on 20% wheat gluten diets were administered appropriate levels of DL-[6-i*C]lysine, L-[mefhyZ3H]methionine, t-N-[mefhyZ-3H]trimethyl-L-lys...

The usefulness of supplementary dietary L-carnitine as an immunomodulator to increase antigen-specific antibody levels was analysed in 2-6-week-old broilers. The chickens received commercial feeds either unsupplemented (starter feed 17.8 mg carnitine/kg, finisher diet 22.9 mg carnitine/kg) or supplemented with L-carnitine (100 mg carnitine/kg added to feed). At 14 d of age, both groups were dis...