The nonvolatile radiolytic compounds produced by irradiation of cefotaxime were studied by a liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry method. Full scan LC-MS was first performed in order to obtain the m/z value of the protonated molecules of all detected peaks. LC-MS-MS was then carried out on the compounds of interest. A comparison between the MS-MS spectrum of cefotaxime and those...

To determine whether the hypoprothrombinemia associated with antibiotics containing a 1-methyl-5-thiotetrazole (MTT) group is a result of the presence of the MTT group, rats were maintained on a vitamin K-deficient diet for 10 days and then received either intravenous moxalactam or cefotaxime or oral MTT for two additional days. MTT and moxalactam, which contains the MTT group, prolonged prothr...

Patel et al. (4) compared the serum bactericidal titers (SBTs) and the time serum drug concentrations remained above the MICs (T . MIC) of ceftizoxime and cefotaxime against three intermediately penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates. MICs were # 1.0 mg/ml, SBTs were . 1:2, and T . MIC exceeded 50% of dosage intervals. They concluded that ceftizoxime’s longer T . MIC compensates...

From 2006 to 2008, Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates were identified with decreased susceptibility to the extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) cefotaxime among visitors of the Amsterdam sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic, the Netherlands. Spread, clonality, and characteristics of 202 isolates were examined using antibiograms, conventional penA mosaic gene PCR, and N. gonorrhoeae multipl...

The therapeutic efficacy of the fluoroquinolone pefloxacin mesylate was compared with those of cefotaxime and chloramphenicol in a rabbit model of Escherichia coli meningitis. The mean percent penetration (+/- the standard deviation) of pefloxacin (range, 1 to 30 mg/kg per h) into cerebrospinal fluid of infected rabbits was 51.3 +/- 14.0 compared with 11.1 +/- 1.0 for cefotaxime (100 mg/kg per ...

TEM β-lactamase confers bacteria with resistance to many antibiotics and rapidly evolves activity against new drugs. However, functional changes are not easily explained by differences in crystal structures. We employ Markov state models to identify hidden conformations and explore their role in determining TEM's specificity. We integrate these models with existing drug-design tools to create a...

A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefadroxil and cephalexin with variamine blue is presented. The determination is based on the hydrolysis of β-lactam ring of cephalosporins with sodium hydroxide which subsequently reacts with iodate to liberate iodine in acidic medium. The liberated iodine oxidizes variamine blue to violet colored species of m...

Cefotaxime, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin derivative, showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against clinically isolated strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This cephalosporin was slightly less active than cefazolin against Staphylococcus aureus but 4 to 300 times as active as carbenicillin against gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudo...

OBJECTIVES Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are now widespread and simple phenotypic tests are required to detect them in diagnostic laboratories. We investigated the performance of screening methods at 16 hospitals in South-East England. METHODS Sixteen laboratories in South-East England submitted 1195 consecutive Enterobacteriaceae isolates found to be resis...

A study of the susceptibility to cefotaxime and six other cephalosporins in 213 nonselected strains of nine different bacterial species clearly showed that cefotaxime was the most active against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. The same pattern emerged with 84 cephalothin-resistant strains of five enterobacterial species, but the mean minimal inhibitory concentration values for all cephalosporins...