BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ketoprofen on acute phase protein (APPs) concentrations in goats undergoing castration. A total of 16 clinically healthy, male and 12 months old goats were enrolled and each case received ketoprofen (group I) or control (group II) in a randomized fashion. Goats were sedated with Xylazine-HCl, afterwards ketoprofen (3 mg/kg) w...

The purpose of the present study was to examine myocardial antioxidant and oxidative stress changes in male and female rats in the presence of physiological sex hormone concentrations and after castration. Twenty-four 9-week-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 6 animals each: 1) sham-operated females, 2) castrated females, 3) sham-operated males, and 4) castrated males. When testos...

The morphology of the rat lung was studied by light microscopy in different situations: after surgical and pharmacological castration and after administration of testosterone to the castrated rat to determine if the androgen is required to maintain the normal morphology of the lung. We also determined the effect of flutamide on the phospholipid composition of both the surfactant and microsomes ...

Nestin (neuroepithelial stem cell protein) is expressed in immature endothelial cells, and we here introduce coexpression of Nestin and Ki-67 as a novel angiogenesis marker on tissue sections. Including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression, we studied relation to disease progression in prostate cancer. Different patient series w...

The aims of this study were to identify which aspects of castration are painful to piglets, and to determine if less painful methods are available. Previous work has shown that piglets produce more high frequency calls (>1kHz) when castrated than when handled identically but not castrated, or when castrated using a local anesthetic. In Experiment 1, we used 90 piglets to assess the vocal respon...

The involution of the rat ventral prostate gland after castration could be caused by primary changes in the vasculature. To explore the mechanisms, we studied the effects of castration and testosterone treatment on the vasculature in the ventral prostate in adult rats and mice. Androgen receptor expression, vascular morphology, and the expression of angiopoietin (ang) 1 and 2 and their receptor...

PURPOSE Divergent responses to androgen deprivation have been found in patients and in animal models of prostate cancer. The molecular basis for these different outcomes is unknown. Our aim was to identify the molecular responses of prostate cancer with divergent outcomes to androgen deprivation in TRAMP mice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Castrated and noncastrated B6xFVB TRAMP mice were evaluated for...

Castration-resistant progression of prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapies remains the most critical challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer. Resurgent androgen receptor (AR) activity is an established driver of castration-resistant progression, and upregulation of the full-length AR (AR-FL) and constitutively-active AR splice variants (AR-Vs) has been implicated t...

There is no effective treatment for prostate cancer arising after androgen ablation. Previous studies have analyzed the short-term effects of androgen ablation on the immune system and suggest an abatement of immune suppression by hormone removal. Because castration-resistant disease can arise years after treatment, it is crucial to determine the duration of immune potentiation by castration. B...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of surgical castration, particularly delaying the time to entrance of systemic chemotherapy, in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients who were refractory to initial combination androgen deprivation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the clinical data of 14 CRPC patients diagnosed at Seoul National Universit...