In a variety of contexts, randomization is regarded as an effective technique to conceal sensitive in-formation. We model randomization mechanisms as information-theoretic channels. Our starting point isa semantic notion of security that expresses absence of any privacy breach above a given level of serious-ness , irrespective of any background information, represented as a prio...

The precautionary principle was formulated to provide a basis for political action to protect the environment from potentially severe or irreversible harm in circumstances of scientific uncertainty that prevent a full risk or cost-benefit analysis. It underpins environmental law in the European Union and has been extended to include public health and consumer safety. The aim of this study was t...

omission that leads to death of another is crime in criminal law of iran, whether doing it being duty of forsaker or not. in the first case, that person has not obligation or duty toward another, not for killing of victim but by virtue of first part of single-article of bill of the penal code of 1354, forsaker becomes convicted due to refrain from help to injuries and body hazards removal. in s...

Background/Introduction The law on consent is continuously evolving as there is no statue in British law relating to consent. Instead this relies on common or case law. The recent case of Montgomery vs NHS Lanarkshire has change the consent law with relation to the disclosure of information. It is now recommended that we as surgeons should disclose risks that an average patient would want to kn...

We consider the shot noise process, whose associated impulse response is a decaying power-law kernel of the form . We show that this power-law Poisson model gives rise to a process that, at each time instant, is an -stable random variable, if . We show that although the process is not -stable, pairs of its samples become jointly -stable as the distance between them tends to infinity. It is know...