Now, information systems are developed as open system that depend on each other. Assurance cases are expected to confirm a dependability of open systems. D*Framework is a method that can make assurance case for open system. In this paper we defined d*Framework formally. Furthermore we apply this method with case study and made discussion.

The case definition for inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is controversial. The American Joint Committee on Cancer defines IBC as redness, warmth and edema involving at least half the breast. The SEER program relies on a pathologic finding of dermal lymphatic invasion and recently added those with clinical involvement of more than 3/4 of the breast. We established a registry to collect informati...

Terson's syndrome has had multiple definitions. The original definition is unlikely to have included Terson's original case. An updated definition based on mechanism is proposed and related to the original case described by Terson.

OBJECTIVE The quality of documentation of signs and symptoms and validation of the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) according to case definition criteria of Manning, Rome I and Rome II in an office setting has not been previously described. We sought to identify and validate cases of IBS based on the Manning, Rome I and Rome II diagnostic criteria in a rural practice setting. SETTI...

PURPOSE No standard case definition exists for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome for patient screening or epidemiological studies. As part of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology study, we developed a case definition for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome with known sensitivity and specificity. We compared this definition with others used in interstitial cystitis...

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A recent paper by Hartle [1] proposes a definition of “spacetime information” — the information available about a quantum system’s boundary conditions in the various sets of decohering histories it may display — and investigates its properties. We note here that the analysis of Ref. [1] contains errors which invalidate several of the conclusions. In particular, the proof that the proposed defin...