Background Symptomatic articular cartilage lesions of the knee are common and are being treated surgically with increasing frequency. While many studies have reported outcomes following a variety of cartilage restoration procedures, few have investigated outcomes of revision surgery after a failed attempt at cartilage repair or reconstruction. Purpose To investigate outcomes of revision carti...

OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence implicates serine proteinases in pathologic tissue turnover. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the transmembrane serine proteinase matriptase in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Serine proteinase gene expression in femoral head cartilage obtained from either patients with hip OA or patients with fracture to the neck of the femur...

BACKGROUND Laryngeal fracture is a rare condition that can lead to significant problems with airway patency, voice production, and swallowing. Conflict in the literature exists regarding the most suitable way to manage this injury. CASE REPORT We present the case of a 29-year-old Caucasian man who sustained a displaced fracture of the thyroid cartilage due to blunt trauma. He reported no swal...

A new quantitative tissue differentiation theory which relates the local tissue formation in a fracture gap to the local stress and strain is presented. Our hypothesis proposes that the amounts of strain and hydrostatic pressure along existing calcified surfaces in the fracture callus determine the differentiation of the callus tissue. The study compares the local strains and stresses in the ca...

Laryngeal fracture is a rare traumatic injury, potentially fatal, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 30,000 patients admitted to severe trauma centers. Because of the rarity of this injury, physician may be not aware of its existence, leading to a late diagnosis of this entity. We report a case of a 59-year-old woman admitted to the emergency room after a motorcycle accident with cervical trau...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is generally a disease of the elderly population, but can occur in young patients in exceptional cases. This study compares the cellular and epigenetic features of primary old-age OA with those of secondary OA in a 23-year-old patient with developmental dysplasia of the hip. In addition, control cartilage from a 14-year-old was compared with that from patients with a fractur...

High-energy ankle fracture-dislocations are at significant risk for postoperative complications. Closed reduction and temporary percutaneous transarticular K-wire fixation was first described more than 50 years ago. This simple and effective "damage control" strategy is widely practiced in Europe, yet appears largely forgotten and abandoned in the United States. Anecdotal opposing arguments inc...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and treatment of complex fractures of the tibial plateau. A total of 71 patients with complex fractures of the tibial plateau (estimated Schatzker classifications III, V and VI) were included in this study. The X-ray, MDCT and MRI data ob...

The cartilage which covers the articular surfaces of bones of vertebrate animals has two main functions: the limitation of stress applied to the bone extremities and the provision of the smooth surfaces necessary for the joint to function as an efficient bearing (Kempson, Spivey, Freeman, and Swanson, 1969). To meet these functional demands the cartilage exhibits a combination of physical prope...

Impaired fracture healing can occur in severely injured patients with hemorrhagic shock due to decreased soft tissue perfusion after trauma. We investigated the effects of fracture healing in a standardized pressure controlled hemorrhagic shock model in mice, to test the hypothesis that bleeding is relevant in the bone healing response. Male C57/BL6 mice were subjected to a closed femoral shaft...