FISHER, MICHAEL L., AND DONALD 0. NUTTER. Cardiovascular reJlex adjustments to static muscular contractions in the canine hindlimb. Am. J. Physiol. 226(3) : 648-655. 1974.-The cardiovascular response to 30-s tetanic muscular contractions was studied in the anesthetized dog. A significant systemic pressor reflex occurred during handlimb contractions evoked by both spinal ventral nerve root (Ls L...

Injection of serotonin (5-HT) into the left atrium or ventricle activates a hypertensive chemoreflex. The primary purpose of our study was to determine the afferent pathway(s) that mediates this response. A secondary goal was to localize the receptive sites of this reflex. We measured changes in arterial pressure, reflex vascular responses in skeletal muscle and paw, and changes in renal nerve ...

SCHMIDT,ROBERT M., MAMORUKUMADA,AND KIICHI SAGAWA. Curdiovascular responses to various pulsatile pressures in the carotid sinus. Am. J. Physiol. 223 (1): l-7. 1972.-To extend the knowledge of the carotid sinus reflex, we forced the isolated sinuses of anesthetized dogs with sinusoidal (pulsatile) pressures using multiple combinations of mean level, amplitude, and frequency of pulsation. The ref...

Laryngospasm (LEP) is defined as the sustained closure of the vocal cords. It is a primitive protective airway reflex (VA), which occurs to safeguard the integrity of the airway by protecting it from tracheobronchial aspiration [1]. LEP is also defined as an exaggerated response to closure reflex or glottic muscle spasm. Essentially it is a protective reflex, which acts to prevent the entry of ...

Arterial baroreflex function diminishes with age, but whether cardiopulmonary vagal reflexes are similarly altered with physiological aging has not been fully elucidated. In this study, predominantly cardiac high pressure mechanoreceptor-activated (ramp baroreflex) and cardiopulmonary chemoreceptor-activated (von Bezold-Jarisch reflex) vagal reflexes in conscious, instrumented rats were impaire...

The trigemino-cardiac reflex (TCR) is defined as the sudden onset of parasympathetic dysrhythmia, sympathetic hypotension, apnoea or gastric hypermotility during stimulation of any of the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. In the present review, we summarize the knowledge about the TCR in relation to its two different ways of stimulation: (i) peripheral and (ii) central stimulation. We a...

Evidence from animal studies suggests that beta-blockers can act within the central nervous system to increase cardiac vagal motoneuron activity. We have attempted to determine whether such an effect is evident in healthy humans, by examining the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic agents on heart rate variability and cardiac vagal reflexes. A total of 20 healthy volunteers took part in the s...

The aims of present study were to determine whether angiotensin II (ANG II) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is involved in the central integration of the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex and whether this effect is mediated by the ANG type 1 (AT(1)) receptor. While the animals were under alpha-chloralose and urethane anesthesia, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal sympathetic n...

There is evidence that in cardiac failure, there is defective baroreceptor reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity. Often, cardiac failure is preceded by a state of cardiac hypertrophy in which there may be enhanced performance of the heart. This study investigated whether in two different models of cardiac hypertrophy, there was an increased contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to the low-pr...