The primordial earth surface exposed minerals comprised mainly of carbonates, silicates and smaller amounts of phosphates. Weathering eventually led to the dissolution of the surface rock and the leaching of their components into the rivers, lakes and oceans. There, complex chemistry depending upon the temperature, pH, pressure, and atmospheric carbon dioxide content led to the reprecipitation ...

This study presents geochemical data produced from the analysis of coal and adjacent rock samples retrieved from coal mining regions in the U.S. to examine mineral matter provenance. Study sites included the North­ ern Appalachian Basin, where the units of interest were the Lower Kittanning Coal bed, the overlying Columbiana Shale, and the underlying paleosol (Allegheny Formation). Additional s...

The calcarenites carbonate rocks of the Quaternary ridges, which extend along the northwestern Mediterranean coastal plain of Egypt, represent an excellent model for the transformation of loose sediments to real sedimentary rocks by the different stages of meteoric diagenesis. The depositional and diagenetic fabrics of the rocks, in addition to the strata orientation, highly affect their ultima...

Groundwater development in fractured hard rock aquifers has always assumed a secondary role compared with that in unconsolidated alluvial strata or in soluble carbonate rocks. This is because of the nonextensive, irregular, nonisotropic, and inhomogeneous nature of the aquifer and the relatively small yields of water available from dug-wells or drilled bores. However, many of the highly populat...

[1] While geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage could contribute to reducing global emissions, it must be designed such that the CO2 cannot escape from the porous rock into which it is injected. An important mechanism to immobilize the CO2, preventing escape, is capillary trapping, where CO2 is stranded as disconnected pore-scale droplets (ganglia) in the rock, surrounded by water. We used X-...

Phosphate tailings pose significant risk to the environment as point sources of basic, carbonate-rich effluents. This waste may be judiciously used for the biofertilizer preparation. The enrichment of compost by adding low grade rock phosphate also offers a potential preposition for the effective utilization of insoluble P. Experimentally, the compostable material (Biogas spent slurry) is mixed...

Acidizing is a dissolving activity, whether it rock formations or other materials (natural foreign) in reservoir of the rock. To maintain production Jatibarang field, especially Bangodua (BDA) structure, there are 1 well that have experienced short decline since drilling. The properties not good and impurity material (damage). Thus, requiring stimulation form matrix acidizing. Evaluation acid w...

The opoka is a carbonate-siliceous marine sedimentary rock, forming thick succession of Upper Cretaceous age in Poland and other regions Europe. This rock has been studied for over 150 years, but only the use modern analytical techniques enables formulation its mineralogical definition, which identifiesthe distinct features allows it to be distinguished from rocks (e.g. chalk, gaize). Parallel ...

Groundwater environments provide habitats for diverse microbial communities, and although Archaea usually represent a minor fraction of communities, they are involved in key biogeochemical cycles. We analysed the archaeal diversity within a mixed carbonate-rock/siliciclastic-rock aquifer system, vertically from surface soils to subsurface groundwater including aquifer and aquitard rocks. Archae...