Manipulation of carbohydrate intake was used to treat severe, recurrent D-lactic acidosis in a patient with short bowel syndrome. Dietary carbohydrate composition was determined after assessment of D-lactic acid production from various carbohydrate substrates by faecal flora in vitro. This approach may be preferable to repeated courses of antibiotics.

Two studies have examined the effect on energy intake and macronutrient selection of increasing increments of mandatory high-fat or high-sugar snacks into the diet in men. The present study used a within-subject, repeated-measures design. In each experiment, six lean and six overweight, unrestrained men were each studied over three 7 d treatment periods, during which they were given mandatory s...

serotonin (5-ht), a mono-aminergic neurotransmitter is biochemically derived from tryptophan and is mainly found in gastrointestinal tract, platelets and central nervous system of animals. serotonin (5-ht) in coordination with hypothalamus plays an important role in the cns control of appetite, eating behavior, and energy balance and body weight. it has a special role in control of carbohydrate...

Background: Postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis is an important factor in determining the time needed to recover from prolonged exercise. Objective: This study investigated whether an increase in carbohydrate intake, ingestion of a mixture of protein hydrolysate and amino acids in combination with carbohydrate, or both results in higher postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis rates than does ...

BACKGROUND Olfactory function can impact food selection. However, few large population-based studies have investigated this effect across different age groups. The objective of this study was to assess the association between subjective olfactory dysfunction (anosmia or hyposmia) and macronutrient intake. METHODS A total of 24,990 participants aged 20 to 98 years were evaluated based on data ...

This study was initiated to examine the accuracy of conventional food composition table-based estimation of intakes of energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrate, in comparison with chemical analysis. For this purpose, 66 women (at the ages of 29 to 54 years) in three locations in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, volunteered to offer 24-hour food duplicate samples. A half of them were house-wives, ...

BACKGROUND A moderate low-carbohydrate diet has been receiving attention in the dietary management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A fundamental issue has still to be addressed; how much carbohydrate delta-reduction (Δcarbohydrate) from baseline would be necessary to achieve a certain decrease in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of three-graded stratification of...

BACKGROUND The protein leverage hypothesis requires specific evidence that protein intake is regulated more strongly than energy intake. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine ad libitum energy intake, body weight changes, and appetite profile in response to protein-to-carbohydrate + fat ratio over 12 consecutive days and in relation to age, sex, BMI, and type of protein. DESIGN A 12-d ra...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aimed at evaluating the dietary intakes of Korean adolescents affected by food insecurity, in comparison with those who were food secure. SUBJECTS/METHODS The study used one day 24-hour dietary recall data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study subjects consisted of 1,453 adolescents of whom 695 were middle school-aged a...