While characteristics of daily travel behavior have been determined from analyses of the reconstructed household travel behavior recorded in travel diaries, such reconstructions are subject to criticisms that people lie or falsely recall information about destinations, times of travel, trip purpose, trip destination and other critical characteristics, such as under-reporting of short trips and ...

This essay revisits William Vickrey’s 1968 critique of automobile insurance. Absence of response to his powerful criticisms effectively denied their truth, but economists are now reacting to one of them: charging for insurance as an expense of car ownership fails to internalize the accident costs of using a car. Therefore recent studies recommend converting the premium unit from car-year to odo...

2 Is cooperative action modern or old fashioned? Why should policymakers pursue it in development strategies? In what way are cooperatives different in terms of economic theory and organisation theory? And if there are differences in organisation, human resource management practices, property rights and forms of collective action, what are the governance issues to be addressed so as to allow co...

OBJECTIVES Using longitudinal data from the multigenerational Youth Development Study (YDS), this article documents how parents' long-term smoking trajectories are associated with adolescent children's likelihood of smoking. Prospective data from the parents (from age 14-38 years) enable unique comparisons of the parents' and children's smoking behavior, as well as that of siblings. METHODS S...

Global South cities are vastly underrepresented in the literature that analyzes relationships between location choice, land-use patterns and travel behavior. This paper aims to reduce underrepresentation by bringing new evidence from a metropolitan region South. We estimate Structural Equation Model study patterns, car ownership behavior, while controlling for self-selection, of São Paulo, Braz...

Conditioned avoidance response (CAR) behavior and catalepsy (CAT) are the standard preclinical tests used to predict antipsychotic activity and motor side-effect liability, respectively. Recent data in patients show that striatal dopamine D 2 occupancy predicts antipsychotic response (at 65% D 2 occupancy) and motor side-effects (at greater than 80%). To relate preclinical and clinical findings...

As a multimodal travel behavior, park and ride includes several trip modes such as car, walking, bus, or railway. And people’s choice of park and ride is influenced by many factors. This paper, based on the park and ride behavior survey in Beijing, will analyze the relationship between the perception of the influencing factors and the behavior intent for park and ride by using structural equati...

24  ABSTRACT Cars are being upgraded continuously to pave the path for intelligent transportation. This paper utilizes data mining for automatic route prediction in a passenger car through unsupervised machine learning. The use of Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm makes this concept probabilistic. It groups different routes based on the passengers in the car and provides suggestion for the driver dur...

The rear-facing Infant Car Seat (ICS) is designed to meet federal requirements for transporting children less than 1 year old. Typical use includes transfer in and out of a vehicle, which is shown to be a difficult lift. Despite the frequency of this lift, manufacturers provide little guidance for users. Review of relevant literature suggested an ICS featuring an angled handle, promoting a neut...