PURPOSE This study was conducted to compare the paternal rearing behavior and rearing stress level between fathers with a preschooler and fathers with school children so that it can be utilized as a basic source for developing parental rearing education programs. METHODS A descriptive comparative method was conducted to identify the paternal rearing behavior and paternal rearing stress. Respo...

Farming fish for human consumption continues to expand as an industry and, with this increasing interaction with captive fish populations, there is now a growing interest in determining how to create good welfare for the fish we farm. This article summarises recent advances in our understanding of pain and stress responses in fish and how these relate to farmed fish welfare. Over the last decad...

This study was focused on conservation genetics of threatened Hippocampus guttulatus on the Atlantic coast of NW Iberian Peninsula. Information about spatial structure and temporal stability of wild populations was obtained based on microsatellite markers, and used for monitoring a captive breeding program firstly initiated in this zone at the facilities of the Institute of Marine Research (Vig...

The revision of EU legislation will ban the use of wild-caught animals in scientific procedures. This change is partially predicated on the assumption that captive-rearing produces animals with reduced fearfulness. Previously, we have shown that hand-reared starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) indeed exhibit reduced fear of humans compared to wild-caught conspecifics. Here, we asked whether this reduct...

The success with which animals living in their natural environment nourish themselves must depend upon the exercise of choices in which instinct and appetite play a significant part. When such individuals are transferred to conditions of domestication their freedom of choice, particularly in t’he case of captive or farm animals, is restricted. Their diet now becomes a problem for the husbandman...

OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of infant rearing on the behavior of depressed adult female Macaca fascicularis and the influence of depressed infant-rearing adult female Macaca fascicularis on their infants in a free enclosure environment. METHODS Here, 20 depressed subjects and then 20 healthy subjects were randomly selected from a total population of 1007 adult female Macaca fascicularis...

For animals that live in a reasonably variable environment the capacity for learning and memory allow them to adapt to the changes they experience. Ecological factors that vary between habitats can affect a range of learning behaviours. Less attention has been directed at how this variation may affect memory processes, or how different ecological variables might interact when shaping cognition ...

Our understanding of Hawaiian arboreal snails’ diets remains rudimentary, hindering the development effective conservation strategies. To identify important food resources, we tested hypothesis that epiphytic microbial assemblages differ on plant species preferred and avoided by snails at Mt. Kaala Natural Area Reserve, where snail preferences are known from previous studies. Comparing plants b...