Short carbon nanotubes have been modified selectively on one end with metal using a bulk technique based on bipolar electrochemistry. A stabilized suspension of nanotubes is introduced in a capillary containing an aqueous metal salt solution, and a high electric field is applied to orientate and polarize the individual tubes. During their transport through the capillary under sufficient polariz...

In vitro, insulin transport across endothelial cells has been reported to be saturable, suggesting that the transport process is receptor mediated. In the present study, the transport of insulin across capillary endothelial cells was investigated in vivo. Euglycemic glucose clamps were performed in anesthetized dogs (n = 16) in which insulin was infused to achieve concentrations in the physiolo...

Transport of colloids with transient wetting fronts represents an important mechanism of contaminant migration in the vadose zone. The work presented here used steady-state saturated and transient unsaturated flow columns to evaluate the transport of a fluorescent latex microsphere (980 nm in diameter) with capillary wetting fronts of different solution surface tensions and ionic strengths. The...

The process of water reabsorption from the peritoneal cavity into the surrounding tissue substantially decreases the net ultrafiltration in patients on peritoneal dialysis. The goal of this study was to propose a mathematical model based on data from clinical studies and animal experiments to describe the changes in absorption rate, interstitial hydrostatic pressure, and tissue hydration caused...

In this paper we consider water-drive for recovering oil from a strongly heterogeneous porous column. The two-phase model uses Corey relative permeabilities and Brooks–Corey capillary pressure. The heterogeneities are perpendicular to the flow and have a periodic structure. This results in one-dimensional flow and a space periodic absolute permeability, reflecting alternating coarse and fine la...

Light-sheet microscopy enables fast 3D, high-contrast imaging in biology and colloidal sciences. Recently, the controlled transport of living embryos or small colloids through stable glass capillaries is manifold interesting. Although they hardly impair the sample, glass capillaries spoil the image by generating significant aberrations of the illumination and detection light. Here, we analyze t...

Based on a distributed model of peritoneal transport, in the present report, a mathematical theory is presented to explain how the osmotic agent in the peritoneal dialysis solution that penetrates tissue induces osmotically driven flux out of the tissue. The relationships between phenomenological transport parameters (hydraulic permeability and reflection coefficient) and the respective specifi...

In 1970, Aroesty and Gross investigated the influence of local plasma convection in between two successive red blood cells (RBC) in a capillary on the local oxygen transfer into tissue by combining convectional and diffusional oxygen transport. They concluded that the effect of local plasma convection on oxygen transport in the capillaries was insignificant. Here it is shown that this result wa...

Accumulation of radioactive L-[carboxyl-14C]-ascorbic acid by cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes was studied. Kinetic analysis of the transport showed a time-dependent, saturable system with an apparent Km of 76.0 microM and a Vmax of 42 pmole/micrograms DNA/min. A facilitated carrier diffusion process was established on the basis that the system was not sensitive to 2,4-dinitrophenol,...

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is neuroprotective in the ischemic hippocampus if the neurotrophin is injected directly into the brain. However, the efficacy of BDNF via peripheral (i.v.) administration is limited by the lack of transport of the neurotrophin through the brain capillary wall, which makes up the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vivo. The present studies describe a molecular ...