In this paper, we propose a new region extraction method using chroma key with a two-tone checker pattern background. The method solves the problem in conventional chroma key techniques that foreground objects become transparent if they have the same color with the background. The method utilizes the adjacency condition between two-tone regions of the background and the geometrical information ...

Two-tones (”Mooney”-esque transformations of grayscale photographs) can be difficult to recognize. However, after viewing the photographs from which two-tones were created, adults experience rapid “perceptual reorganization,” and the two-tones become immediately recognizable. In contrast to the effortless post-cue recognition seen in adults, preschoolaged children are generally unable to recogn...

Spatial and temporal partitioning of resources underlies the coexistence of species with similar niches. In communities of frogs and toads, the phenology of advertisement calling provides insights into temporal partitioning of reproductive effort and its implications for community dynamics. This study assessed the phenology of advertisement calling in an anuran community from Melbourne, in sout...

This study was performed to understand the degree to which medical students' self-efficacy (SE) moderates the influence of calling on students' speciality commitment, emphasizing the need to understand variables that predict primary care specialization. The researchers hypothesized that students who perceived their career as a calling would be more committed to their speciality, especially when...

In proximity to seismic operations, bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) decrease their calling rates. Here, we investigate the transition from normal calling behavior to decreased calling and identify two threshold levels of received sound from airgun pulses at which calling behavior changes. Data were collected in August-October 2007-2010, during the westward autumn migration in the Alaskan Be...

Procedure calling conventions are used to provide uniform procedure call interfaces. Applications, such as compilers and debug-gers, which generate, or process procedures at the machine-language abstraction level require knowledge of the calling convention. In this paper, we develop a formal model for procedure calling conventions called P-FSA's. Using this model, we are able to ensure several ...

The effects of airplane flyby noise and playbacks of low-frequency motorcycle sounds on calling activity were examined in a mixed-species anuran calling assemblage in central Thailand. In response to these stimuli, three of the most acoustically active pondedge species (Microhyla butleri, Rana nigrovittata and Kaloula pulchra) significantly decreased their calling rate. Yet under the identical ...

Identifying genomic targets of transcription factors is fundamental for understanding transcriptional regulatory networks. Current technology enables identification of all targets of a single transcription factor, but there is no realistic way to achieve the converse: identification of all proteins that bind to a promoter of interest. We have developed a method that promises to fill this void. ...

There is substantial variation in the strategies animals use to obtain mates. In crickets, males may call to attract females or use a non-calling, or satellite, strategy and intercept females attracted to the calls of other males. Calling males are subject to attack by an acoustically orienting parasitoid fly and, after being parasitized, males die in 7–10 days. We used a simulation model to de...