The calcium hypothesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggests that altered cytosolic Ca(2+) levels ( Ca(2+) (i)) and/or disturbances in Ca2+ homeostasis concern cellular mechanisms underlying neuronal pathology. To search for a diagnostic marker of Alzheimer's disease, we measured cytosolic calcium concentrations in platelets of AD patients, age-matched control...

Calcium (Ca)-loaded biochar was produced from rice husks by loading the Ca source with subsequent carbonization and examined evaluation of P adsorption capability about method, availability oyster shells as alternative, effect temperature. Ca-loaded prepared at 650°C had CaCO3 form, that 400°C unconverted Ca(OH)2 less CO2 generation. Moreover, silicon in might have existed an amorphous structur...

Studies performed in sheep and baboons have shown that after birth, the normoxic muscle media of ductus arteriosus (DA) becomes profoundly hypoxic as it constricts and undergoes anatomic remodeling. We used isolated fetal lamb DA (pretreated with inhibitors of prostaglandin and nitric oxide production) to determine why the immature DA fails to remain tightly constricted during the hypoxic phase...

The thermodynamic properties of calcium–magnesium alloys were determined by electromotive force (emf) measurements using a Ca(in Bi)|CaF2|Ca(in Mg) cell over the temperature range 713–1048 K. The activity and partial molar Gibbs free energy of calcium in magnesium were calculated for nine Ca–Mg alloys, calcium mole fractions varying from xCa = 0.01 to 0.80. Thermodynamic properties of magnesium...

BACKGROUND Nerve terminal invasion by an axonal spike activates voltage-gated channels, triggering calcium entry, vesicle fusion, and release of neurotransmitter. Ion channels activated at the terminal shape the presynaptic spike and so regulate the magnitude and duration of calcium entry. Consequently characterization of the functional properties of ion channels at nerve terminals is crucial t...

Measurements of presynaptic calcium currents are vital to understanding the control of transmitter release. However, most presynaptic boutons in the vertebrate central nervous system are too small to allow electrical recordings of presynaptic calcium currents (I(Ca)pre). We therefore tested the possibility of measuring I(Ca)pre optically in boutons loaded with calcium-sensitive fluorophores. Fr...

Both K and Ca supplementation may have beneficial effects on bone through separate mechanisms. K in the form of citrate or bicarbonate affects bone by neutralising the acid load caused by a high protein intake or a low intake of alkalising foods, i.e. fruits and vegetables. Ca is known to decrease serum parathyroid hormone (S-PTH) concentration and bone resorption. We compared the effects of ca...

The shear stress applied to lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) by lymph flow changes dramatically under normal conditions as well as in response to disease conditions and immune reactions. In general, LEC are known to regulate the contraction frequency and strength of lymphatic pumping in response to shear stress. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) is an important factor that regula...

Calcium regulates many biological processes through interaction with proteins with different conformational, dynamic, and metal binding properties. Previous studies have shown that the electrostatic environment plays a key role in calcium binding affinity. In this research, we aim to dissect the contribution of the electrostatic environment to calcium binding affinity using protein design. Many...