Lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic are the most important heavy metals which may cause health risks following consumption of contaminated foods. Table salt is one the mostly used food additive with unique place in food consumption. Although purified table salt is expected to have lower level of contamination, some Iranians still prefer to use rock salt. Use of rock salt for food purposes has be...

The current management of athletes with cardiac arrhythmias has become complicated by the widespread use of illicit drugs, which can be arrhythmogenic. The World Anti-Doping Agency annually updates a list of prohibited substances and methods banned by the International Olympic Committee that includes different classes of substances namely, anabolic androgenic steroids, hormones and related subs...

Government guarantees of private debt deplete equity. The depletion is greatest during periods when the probability of a guarantee payoff is highest. In a setting otherwise subject to Modigliani-Miller neutrality, firms issue guaranteed debt up to the limit the government permits. Declines in asset values raise debt in relation to asset values and thus deplete equity directly, under the realist...

In cancer, DJ-1/PARK7 acts as an oncogene that drives Akt-mediated cell survival. Although amplification of DJ-1 has been described in several types of tumors, the mechanistic basis of DJ-1's oncogenic effect remains incompletely understood. A tumor's ability to adapt to hypoxia is absolutely critical for its survival and progression, and this adaptation is largely mediated by the transcription...

We explore the effects of environmental and trade policies with negative consumption externalities when a domestic firm and a foreign rival produce imperfect substitutes and compete in the domestic market. Consumption of the foreign product generates more emissions than that of the domestic product. Emission taxes reduce emissions, harm the foreign firm, but may benefit the domestic firm. Tarif...

the aim of the present study was to determine the levels of cadmium in the muscle, liver and kidney of cattle from isfahan and to compare the results with those reported by other countries and with the maximum acceptable levels for human consumption. samples of muscle, liver and kidney from 60 animals aged 1–10- year-old were collected from the carcasses slaughtered at isfahan abattoir. samples...

Cadmium, lead and mercury contents in fish were studied. Fresh and frozen fish from 17 FAO localities were bought in Czech markets. Atomic absorption spectrometry technique was used for determination of cadmium, lead and mercury concentration. Ten samples exceeded the maximum permissible limit for mercury (0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg for selected fish species) and three fish samples exceeded the maxim...

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) signals are non-excitatory signals applied during the absolute refractory period that have been shown to enhance the strength of left ventricular contraction without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption in studies carried out in animals and humans with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Studies from myocardial tissue of animals and humans wit...