1 Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l’Environnement, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP96, 54 rue Molière, 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères cedex, France 2 Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, N.H. 03755-1290, USA 3 Paul Scherer Institute, Laboratory for Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry OFLB 106, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland 4 Alfred Wegener Ins...

Oxidation of aqueous ∼8 nm unprotected copper nanoparticles takes place under air in approximately 2 hours at 30 °C to give Cu(2+) as a final product through an intermediate Cu(+) species. At 5 °C the process is about 5 times slower; similarly, vitamin C, which plays a sacrificial role, also slows down the oxidation, while CuNP catalyses the oxidation. In this work, we present a detailed analys...

We show that the wandering of transition frequencies in colloidal quantum dots does not follow the statistics expected for ordinary diffusive processes. The trajectory of this anomalous spectral diffusion is characterized by a sqrt[t] dependence of the squared deviation. The behavior is reproduced when the electronic states of quantum dots are assumed to interact with environments such as, for ...

various concentrations of copper are embedded into silica matrix to xerogel form using copper source - cu(no3)2∙3h2o. the xerogel samples are prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (teos) by the sol-gel method  and with determination of new molar ratio of components h2o/teos to be 6.2. in this investigation, the necessary amount of trihydrated copper nitrate is adde...

For A ? L(X), B L(Y) and C L(Y,X) we denote by MC the operator matrix defined on X Y = (A 0 B). In this paper, prove that ?qF(A) ?qF(B) [ C?L(Y,X) ?qF(MC) ?p(B) ?p(A?), where ?qF(.) (resp. ?p(.)) denotes quasi-Fredholm spectrum point spectrum). Furthermore, consider some sufficient conditions for to be have ?qF(MC).

While quantum dots-in-a-well (DWELL) infrared photodetectors have the feature that their spectral responses can be shifted continuously by varying the applied bias, the width of the spectral response at any applied bias is not sufficiently narrow for use in multispectral sensing without the aid of spectral filters. To achieve higher spectral resolutions without using physical spectral filters, ...

The action spectra of Bacillus subtilis spores (ATCC6633) and Salmonella typhimurium LT2 were characterized using physical radiometry for irradiance measurements and a multiple target model to interpret the inactivation kinetics. The observed action spectrum of B. subtilis spores deviated significantly from the relative absorbance spectrum of the DNA purified from the spores, but matched quite ...

We study the spin-wave spectrum of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a bipartite lattice. The spin-wave spectrum on a Néel-ordered ground state is bounded as ε(k) ≤ c|k|, where c gives an upper bound for the spin-wave velocity. In the large-S limit, the upper bound c coincides with the result of the spin-wave theory.

We compute the c ¯ b spectrum from a first principle Salpeter equation obtained in a preceding paper. For comparison we report also the heavy-light quarko-nium spectrum and the hyperfine separations previously presented only in a graphical form. Notice that all results are parameter free. The spectrum and properties of the c ¯ b systems have been calculated various times in the past in the fram...