in order to determine the optimal levels of energy and protein in grower diet of japanese quail, 360 dayold japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments that comprised threelevels of metabolisable energy (2750, 2850, and 2950 kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26and 28 percent) with four replicates per treatment in a completely randomized design. f...

Bacteriophage are viruses that can infect and kill bacteria. A study was conducted to determine if bacteriophage added to drinking water for 1 wk prior to respiratory challenge of broiler chickens with E. coli would provide protection. There were 12 treatments with 2 replicate pens of 10 chicks. The treatments consisted of birds on normal water challenged at 1 wk with either 103 or 104 cfu E. c...

Arcobacter butzleri causes human enteritis and is frequently recovered from poultry carcasses. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) the natural distribution of A. butzleri in poultry and 2) its relative pathogenicity in experimentally infected poultry. Cloacal samples (n = 407) were collected on four occasions from three flocks of chickens. Overall, Arcobacter spp. were recovered from ...

Studies were performed to determine if mucosal vaccination with inactivated avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) subtype C protected turkey poults from clinical disease and virus replication following mucosal challenge. Decreases in clinical disease were not observed in vaccinated groups, and the vaccine failed to inhibit virus replication in the tracheas of 96% of vaccinated birds. Histopathologically...

this study was carried out to investigate the direct and indirect responses to selection for four-week body weight (4 week body (wk bw)) and four-week breast weight (4 week breast weight (wk brw)) and to determine the genetic contribution of reminder founders to the last generation. a total number of 351 birds were equally allocated to three lines, including two selected lines (s1 and s2 for bw...

Resistant starch has been reported to act as a protective agent against pathogenic organisms in the gut and to encourage the proliferation of beneficial organisms. This study examined the efficacy of acetylated high amylose maize starch (SA) and butyralated high-amylose maize starch (SB) in reducing the severity of necrotic enteritis (NE) in broilers under experimental challenge. A total of 720...

Four new triterpenoid saponins, ardisimamilloside C (1), 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-3beta,16al pha,28,30-tetrahydroxy-olean-12-en, ardisimamilloside D (2), 3-O-¿alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-3beta,15al pha,2...