This study is to investigate and clarify on an old small message which about important science independent arabic language, calligraphy or the art of dictation drawing words letters, has elements origins in ancient scientists consider various ways. Some them refers facilitation common frequently used words. Another part intended remove ambiguity confusion that occurs between similar ,the last e...

The present study prepares alkali lignin (AL) via acidification of black liquor, obtained from a pulp and paper factory. The average molecular weight of AL (equal to 2,530 g/mol) has been determined with gel permeation chromatography. AL has been modified by ethylene glycol, while lignin nanoparticles (LN) has been prepared through acid precipitation technology, their size being assessed by mea...

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are a class of cell surface plant peptidoglycans which have been implicated in root elongation and signal transduction pathways. AGPs function not only as markers of cellular identity but also as signaling molecules, which might initiate signal transduction. Aluminum promotes the elongation of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) roots. Although some mechanisms by which Al ...

The possibility of a new technique for fabricating nanoparticles from thin films using selective oxidation in an atmosphere mixture of water vapor and hydrogen was investigated. Fe-5wt.%Al films were RF-sputtered and annealed in the atmosphere mixture at 900°C for up to 200 min, in order to oxidize aluminum selectively. Thermodynamics simulation showed that temperatures exceeding 800°C are nece...

P.D. Sequeira 1, 2, , Yoshimi Watanabe 1, b and L.A. Rocha 2, 3, c Department of Functional Machinery and Mechanics, Shinshu University, 3-15-1, Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan CIICS Centro de Investigacao em Comportamento de Superficies, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal DEM – Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4800-...

There are evidences showing that adverse impacts of aluminum (Al) on plants growth and development are associated with its effect on plasma membrane and cell wall. Influence of Al on peroxidation of membrane lipids, wall-bound phenolics, lignin, soluble phenolics and the activity of certain enzymes involved in metabolism of phenols, i.e., phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase...

Full mapping of phase space of particles emitted from the final state of heavy-ion collisions at beam energies around 2A GeV has not yet been accomplished. This paper reports the investigation of protons and deuterons emitted from central collisions of light symmetric system of Al+Al at 1.93A GeV, done by FOPI. These particles, being the most abundant subsample of Light Charged Particles (LCP, ...

Tyack et al. cite three specific concerns in their commentary regarding Schorr et al. [1], and we respond briefly to them here. Quotes around normal font designate text from their commentary; italicized text in quotes is from the original paper [1]. Tyack et al. state that readers may misinterpret findings in Schorr et al. [1] because they aren’t “. . .adequately appreciating that that some of ...