A parametric study of a ground-to-air heat exchanger (GAHE) using numerical models based on computational fluid dynamics with the finite volume method to evaluate thermal potential GAHE is presented. After validation code developed published experimental data, it proceeded geometric parameters define those that have greatest impact application GAHE. Climatological variables such as relative hum...

Analytical methods presented to analyze the buried steel pipelines at strike-slip fault crossing use the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The cross-section of a buried pipe that is completely surrounded by soil cannot rotate freely and would not be remained perpendicular to the bending line after deformation. So it would be better to take into consideration a rotation between the cross-section and ...

In many northern temperate regions, the water color of lakes has increased over the past decades (“lake browning”), probably caused by an increased export of dissolved organic matter from soils. We investigated if the increase in water color in two lakes in Norway has resulted in increased burial of organic carbon (OC) and mercury (Hg) in the sediments and if the Hg was prone to methylation. La...

The bouffia Bonneval at La Chapelle-aux-Saints is well known for the discovery of the first secure Neandertal burial in the early 20th century. However, the intentionality of the burial remains an issue of some debate. Here, we present the results of a 12-y fieldwork project, along with a taphonomic analysis of the human remains, designed to assess the funerary context of the La Chapelle-aux-Sa...

Iron ore deposit Bijar area is located in east north in Kordestan province based of field observation, ore minerals are magnetite, magnetite-martitite and magnetite-pyrite. No. 922 points on the 16 profiles were collected over about 7500 meters in the area. Magnetometers treatment of advanced devices and new GSM-19T is made in Canada. The data were corrected and the magnetic field intensity map...

The eutrophication of lowland lakes in Europe by excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is severe because of the long history of land-cover change and agricultural intensification. The ecological and socio-economic effects of eutrophication are well understood but its effect on organic carbon (OC) sequestration by lakes and its change overtime has not been determined. Here, we compile data from...

In arid and semi-arid sand dune ecosystems, belowground bud bank plays an important role in population regeneration vegetation restoration. However, the responses of size composition to burial its induced changes soil environmental factors have been rarely studied. dunes Northwestern China, we investigated typical rhizomatous psammophyte Psammochloa villosa as well three key (soil moisture, tot...

The ability of weeds to survive over time is highly dependent on an ecological strategy that ensures a high level viable seed remains in the soil. Seed bank persistence occurs because specific characteristics dormancy and longevity hypoxic microenvironment, which surrounds buried seeds. These experiments investigate role soil texture, burial depth, weight dynamics. Seeds twelve weed species are...