21st century research approaches in the biological sciences continue to progress at an ever-increasing pace. Advances in computer technologies have resulted in exponential increases in the rate at which biological data are collected, accumulated, disseminated and applied. Biology education has remained predominantly content-centric, focused on prescribed activities with little autonomy, and ped...

Maize is a vital food and feed grain worldwide. Aflatoxin and fumonisin, mycotoxins produced primarily by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus Speare, and Fusarium moniliforme J. Sheld, respectively, are very potent carcinogens in both humans and livestock and can readily contaminate maize grain in the field and in storage. Stress on developing maize, particularly during rep...