background: gender preference is prevalent in some communities and using medical techniques to choose the baby’s sex may cause the gender discrimination and gender imbalance in communities. therefore, evaluating the gender preferences and attitudes towards using sex selection technologies seems to be necessary. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted in avicenna fertility center. part...

the aim of this study was to design the base breeding plan in sistani cattle by using of stochastic simulation. for this purpose, three population size (500, 1000, 2000 heads), three levels of herd number (5, 10, 20), two levels of selection intensity (high and low) and two levels of mating method (random and minimum co-ancestry) were combined together and in total 36 scenarios were compared fo...

linked and/or gene-based molecular markers have been used widely in marker-assisted selection (mas) to differentiate resistant and susceptible genotypes. resistance to meloidogyne spp. in beta vulgaris l. is mediated by a single dominant gene (r6m-1). using allele-specific primers (asps), an snp marker harboring a single nucleotide polymorphism (a/g), linked to the resistance gene was developed...

to study molecular evolutionary characteristics and genetics of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) isolates population from iran, nucleotide sequences of p25 and coat protein (cp) were determined and the amino acids sequences thus deduced were analyzed using phylogenetic and population genetics methods. a survey of bnyvv in iran indicated the infection of 288 collected samples out of 392 s...

background & aim: the artificial teeth are produced with same standards for all the ethnics and countries in the world. the purpose of this study was to establish a normative size distribution in a group of students and staffs of shahid beheshti university of medical sciences. methods & materials: 320 individuals participated in this descriptive study. a vernier caliper was used to measure the ...

abstract. a practical common weight scalarizing function methodology with an improved discriminating power for technology selection is introduced. the proposed scalarizing function methodology enables the evaluation of the relative efficiency of decision-making units (dmus) with respect to multiple outputs and a single exact input with common weights. its robustness and discriminating power are...

Chickens 3 wk old, inoculated intranasally with a mesogenic (moderately virulent) strain of Newcastle disease virus, developed necrotic lesions of the mucous acini, predominantly of the middle turbinates. The infection subsequently spread to involve much of the rest of the mucosa, including mucous and ciliated epithelial cells, and other acini. The early phase of adsorption of a virulent strain...

The use of defined probiotic cultures in the poultry industry has recently become more common. However, few conclusive studies regarding their efficacy under commercial conditions have been reported in the scientific literature. We conducted a study that included 118 commercial turkey hen lots, ranging from 1,542 to 30,390 hens per lot, of either Nicholas or Hybrid genetic lines, to look at the...