This review examines progress on the Pop I, fundamental-mode Cepheid distance scale with emphasis on recent developments in geometric and quasi-geometric techniques for Cepheid distance determination. Specifically I examine the surface brightness method, interferometric pulsation method, and trigonometric measurements. The three techniques are found to be in excellent agreement for distance mea...

The Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) uses a photocathode rf gun to provide a high-brightness electron beam intended for FEL and laser acceleration experiments. The rf gun consists of 1-,' cells driven at 2856 MHz in 7r-mode with a maximum cathode field of 100 MV/m. To achieve long lifetimes, our photocathode development concentrates on robust metals such as copper, yttrium and samariu...

This work shows that the CMB polarization E and B modes can be measured in a clean manner in the real space by adopting a specific observing strategy: the detectors are configured to lie around a ring to observe an annulus of sky, where the antenna axis in each detector is oriented in the local radial direction. In particular, for the measurement of the weak B mode, the detector ring can be put...

incalculable. The recollection still makes me cringe. There but for the grace, etc. The benefits to be gained from having a friendly expert to advise on technical matters are thus enormous. This is essentially the role Wolbarst's book might fulfil for historians interested in medical imaging. It supplies clear, cogent and accessible accounts ofhow the various imaging technologies work. This his...

An atom laser is a device which produces a bright, directed, and coherent beam of atoms. An ideal atom laser beam is a single frequency de Broglie matter wave, approximating a noiseless sinusoidal wave; in particular it will have a well defined frequency, phase, and amplitude. Quantum mechanically, such a wave is a mode of the quantised field, and the properties of brightness and well defined p...

deinkability of old newspaper was investigated using cellulase at different concentrations and treatment times. the results of optical properties of the made papers indicated that by increasing the enzyme concentration to 0.05 percent the brightness was increased to 47.5% iso and yellowness decreased to 11.03% iso. while at higher charges than 0.05 percent, brightness value the was decreased an...

As dynamic flat-panel detectors (FD) are introduced in interventional cardiology (IC), the relation between patient dose and image quality (IQ) needs to be reconsidered for this type of image receptor. On one hand this study investigates IQ of a FD system by means of a threshold contrast-detail analysis and compares it to an image intensifier (II) system on a similar X-ray setup. On the other h...

Abstract The cross correlation between the CMB Doppler mode and 21 cm line brightness temperature is calculated in presence of a stochastic primordial magnetic field. Potential detectability estimated for Planck 2018 bestfit parameters combination with configuration survey design radio telescopes such as LOFAR future SKAO. Homogeneous well inhomogeneous reionization has been considered. In part...

The main factors limiting the power scaling of high-peak-power high-brightness quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser oscillator and a possible solution are analyzed in this paper. impacts length grating parameters on output studied by rate equations. Under optimized parameters, QCW with peak 7.3 kW is presented experimentally using 24 meter long spindle-shaped Yb-doped constant core cladding ...