Nondeclarative memory (NDM) has subtypes associated with different brain regions; learning of a probabilistic classification task is impaired by striatal damage and learning of a gambling task is impaired by ventromedial prefrontocortical damage. Typical and atypical antipsychotic medications differentially affect immediate early gene expression in the striatum and frontal cortex in normal rats...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND In Low and Middle Income Countries, mental health services are often poorly developed due to the lack of resources and trained personnel. In order to overcome these challenges, new ways of care have been suggested such as a focus on community-based services. In Somalia, the consumption of the natural stimulant khat is highly prevalent, aggravating mental illness. At the...

BACKGROUND Patients with psychoses have an increased risk of becoming victims of violence. Previous studies have suggested that higher symptom levels are associated with a raised risk of becoming a victim of physical violence. There has been, however, no evidence on the type of symptoms that are linked with an increased risk of recent victimization. METHODS Data was taken from two studies on ...

OBJECTIVES This study seeks to determine the prevalence and pattern of thyroid dysfunction in a group of adult psychiatric inpatients with chronic schizophrenia. We also hypothesize that raised thyroid hormones are associated with more severe psychopathology. METHODS Thyroid function tests were performed on 189 patients and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was administered by a singl...

OBJECTIVE Several structural and functional brain imaging studies have pointed to a disturbance of thalamic subnuclei in patients with schizophrenia. The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia has, however, not been thoroughly examined in terms of this complex structure, which has connections with most brain regions of central interest in schizophrenia research. The aim of the present study was t...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a Comprehensive Psycho-Educational Approach and Scheme Set (COMPASS) for patients with schizophrenia who were treated with risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI), on their psychiatric symptoms, drug attitudes, and treatment satisfaction levels. Participants were sixty-five patients at thirteen hospitals in Japan who met ICD-10 F2 crite...

Objective: We investigated the effects of an atypical antipsychotic agent, quetiapine, in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Methods: The subjects were 10 inpatients who were diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia. They were termed treatment refractory. We tried to switch patients from typical antipsychotics to quetiapine. Each patient gave informed consent for the resear...

Inhibition of the acoustic startle response by a smaller preliminary nonstartling stimulus is termed prepulse inhibition (PPI). Schizophrenia patients have impairments in PPI that may not fully normalize even when they are clinically stable on medication, particularly typical antipsychotics. There is evidence that more severe symptoms are associated with more severe PPI abnormalities, but the e...

The paper by P. Bech and T. Ban is highly informative, aimed at reviewing the history of psychotropic drugs in the European Union, specifically, as regards the development of the Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology (SCNP). They cover its early successes, the UKU and the reasons for its later dissolution, and for determining that the UKU now needs to be revived with a somewhat broade...