Women with mammary hypertrophy who present for reduction mammaplasty have several well-described musculoskeletal complaints, but a high prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome has not been reported. We identified 151 patients from a plastic surgery practice who underwent reduction mammaplasty from 1994 to 1996. To this group we added a convenience sample of 64 women volunteers with relatively smal...

BACKGROUND The aim, of the study was to estimate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing residual disease in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and to identify the clinico-pathological factors that affect the diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI to determine residual tumour size following NAC. PATIENTS AND METHODS 91 breast cancer patients under...

background: interleukin-19, a member of the interleukin-10 family of cytokines, contributes to breast cancer pathogenesis. high interleukin-19 expression in breast tumor tissues is associated with poor clinical outcome. this study aimed to assess the changes in serum level of interleukin-19 in breast cancer patients in comparison with normal women and its association with the clinicopathologica...

Introduction: Size of axillary lymph nodes can be a predictor for breast abnormalities. The agents in the antiperspirants such as Aluminum were observed in the breast biopsy of individual with abnormalities and antiperspirants usage. In this study, the relation between using antiperspirants and the size of axillary lymph nodes were evaluated in Iranian women. Methods: In this study, 120 wo...

one of the most visible aspects of a forest stand structure is the spatial patterns of trees. competition affects on forest structure and its understanding is important, when the purpose of forest management is to imitate the dynamic of natural ecosystems. for this purpose, an unmanaged intact forest was selected with 26 hectares area. all chestnut leaf oak (quercus castaneifolia) trees with a ...

background: ras-associated domain family 1 (rassf1a) and hypermethylated in cancer (hic1) genes are methylated more frequently in breast cancer. genetic factors that alter the dna methylation levels in normal and tumor tissues could therefore influence the susceptibility to this tumor phenotype. objective: we determined the frequency of aberrant methylation of hic1 and rassf1a gene promoters an...

nodular fasciitis of the breast is a rare benign pathology of soft tissue that is a consequence of fibroblastic hyperplasia within breast. it can mimic breast cancer clinically, radiologically, and histopathologically. a-43 year-old female with a painless mass within upper-lateral quadrant of her left breast complained of rapid and progressive growth during previous few days. no evidence of nip...

UNLABELLED Accurate measurement of breast tumour size determines staging and prognosis. Discrepancies amongst clinical examination (CE), ultrasonography (USG), mammography, pathological examination (PE) and magnetic resonance imaging have been reported. However, few studies have evaluated changes in breast tumour size from the operating table to the laboratory. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS A prospe...

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer and essential part of the standard treatment after breast-conserving surgery, routinely done to eliminate the microscopic residual cancer. The heart and lungs are one of the most important organs at risk of breast cancer radiotherapy that th...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether size at birth and rate of fetal growth influence the risk of breast cancer in adulthood. DESIGN Cohort identified from detailed birth records, with 97% follow up. SETTING Uppsala Academic Hospital, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 5358 singleton females born during 1915-29, alive and traced to the 1960 census. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of breast cancer before ...