Steroids reduce permeability of the blood-brain barrier and inhibit active sodium transport by brain capillaries in vitro. Since the rate of edema formation during the early stages of ischemia is related to the rate of sodium transport from blood to brain, this study was designed to determine whether steroids reduce ischemic edema formation by inhibiting blood-brain barrier sodium transport. De...

BACKGROUND Hypoglycemia-induced brain edema is a severe clinical event that often results in death. The mechanisms by which hypoglycemia induces brain edema are unclear. METHODS In a hypoglycemic injury model established in adult rats, brain edema was verified by measuring brain water content and visualizing water accumulation using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Temporal expression of aquap...

777 April 2013 I N 1898, Starling1 described the forces governing fluid movement across various membranes. In 1919, Weed and McKibben showed that hypertonic fluids reduced intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain bulk,2,3 a finding immediately adopted clinically. Different compounds were tried (saline, glucose, sucrose, magnesium sulfate, urea, glycerol, and others), with mannitol (introduced in t...

#1student, #2professor & The first clinical medical college Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Abstract: To build closed traumatic brain injury models in varying degrees with high accuracy, repeatability as well as easy operation, We use lateral fluid percussion method to simulate the rats’ three types of closed traumatic brain injury models in slight, moderate and serious degrees after...

Brain swelling after acute hyponatremia in prepubescent rats, in contrast to adults, has recently been associated with an increase in brain sodium and a high mortality that could be prevented by preadministration of testosterone. To reexamine the effect of acute hyponatremia in young brain, we measured brain water and solute content in prepubescent rats after induction of hyponatremia over 4 h ...

Although both common and crucian carp survived 2 h of anoxia at 18 degrees C, the response of their brains to anoxia was quite different and indicative of the fact that the crucian carp is anoxia tolerant while the common carp is not. Using in vivo T(2) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we studied anoxia induced changes in brain volume, free water content (T(2)), and wate...

background: central renin angiotensin system has an important role on the cerebral microcirculation and metabolism. our previous work showed that inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) activity prior to induction of ischemia protected the brain from severe ischemia/reperfusion (i/r) injuries. this study evaluated the impacts of post-ischemic inhibition of ace, enalapril, on brain inf...

Objective(s): The adverse health effects of nanosilver (AgNp) on adult animal models have been well documented. However, data is scarce regarding the toxic effects of AgNp on sensitive developmental stages. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal milk exposure to AgNp on apoptosis induction in the liver and brain of the offspring of rats. Materials and Methods: Lact...

In subarachnoid hemorrhagic brain injury, the early crucial events are edema formation due to inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier disruption. Baicalin, a flavone glycoside, has antineuroinflammatory and antioxidant properties. We examined the effect of baicalin in subarachnoid hemorrhagic brain injury. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced through filament perforation and either baical...