Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a primary public health concern that has caused millions of deaths and disabilities around the world. Numerous medications are available to relieve TBI-associated complications, but they do not prevent further harm from occurring. As result, novel therapeutic medicines protect against neuronal damage as result trauma its repercussions, especially secondary injury...

Previous studies have shown that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was up-regulated after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the potential contribution of TLR2 to TBI still remains unclear. The present study investigated the role of TLR2 in modulating TBI-induced secondary brain injury in mice. Wild-type TLR2(+/+) and TLR2(-/-)-deficient mice were subjected to a moderately severe weight-drop impact he...

objective(s):estrogen (e2) has neuroprotective effects on blood-brain-barrier (bbb) after traumatic brain injury (tbi). in order to investigate the roles of estrogen receptors (ers) in these effects, er-α antagonist (mpp) and, er-β antagonist (phtpp), or non-selective estrogen receptors antagonist (ici 182780) were administered. materials and methods: ovariectomized rats were divided into 10 gr...

Abstract Objective Although emerging data suggest that women with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may suffer greater neurobehavioral dysfunction in both the post-acute and chronic phases of injury, sex differences have been severely understudied within context military TBI. Therefore, we examined on Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluation (CTBIE) using a diverse sample Iraq/Afghanistan-era...

Abstract Objective Despite the strong evidence suggesting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms negatively impact cognition following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), little is known about this relationship in more severe TBI. This study investigates between PTSD and cognitive performance complicated mild, moderate, severe, penetrating Methods Participants were 137 U.S. military serv...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability globally. No drug treatments are available, so interest has turned to endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) as alternative strategies for treatment. We hypothesized that regulation cell proliferation through modulation the sonic hedgehog pathway, key NSC regulatory could lead functional improvement. assessed (Shh) protein lev...

The complexity of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathology, particularly concussive injury, is a serious obstacle for diagnosis, treatment, and long-term prognosis. Here we utilize modern systems biology in a rodent model of concussive injury to gain a thorough view of the impact of TBI on fundamental aspects of gene regulation, which have the potential to drive or alter the course of the TBI...

OBJECTIVES - To describe demographics, injury characteristics and outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in northern Sweden over 10 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS - Data were retrospectively collected on those individuals (n = 332) in Norrbotten, northern Sweden, with a TBI who had been transferred for neurosurgical care from 1992 to 2001. RESULTS - A majority were older men with a mild TBI and a...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of mortality and disability among male adolescents and young adults; and mild traumatic brain injury is the most common type of traumatic brain injury. The disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays an important role in brain trauma. Previously, we have found that slit2, a member of slit protein family, increases permeability of BBB. In the p...