BACKGROUND Aortic stiffness and small-artery structure and function share various risk factors; however, relations between these 2 measures of vascular function are complex and incompletely understood. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined hyperemic forearm blood flow, an indicator of microvascular structure and function, and aortic stiffness in 2045 participants (1107 women, mean age 61+/-9 years)...

Brachial artery is the main artery supplying the upper limb. Variations in brachial artery are so many that it becomes a rule rather than an exception. A study was done to note the variations in the relation of median nerve to brachial artery. A total of 95 upper limbs (51 Right, 44 Left), with a mean arm length of 30.82 cms, were studied. In 11 of the limbs (11.57%) median nerve was noted to c...

Central blood pressure, i.e., the pressure near heart, is an important physiological indicator of cardiovascular function a patient. However, direct measurement this quantity rarely carried out due to invasive nature procedure. Instead, at arm (brachial artery) measured through inflatable cuff commonly used represent or estimate central pressure. On other hand, aortic propagates downstream in f...

BACKGROUND Obesity is linked to cardiovascular disease, stroke, increased mortality and vascular remodeling. Although increased arterial diameter is associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and obesity, it is unknown whether lumen enlargement is accompanied by unfavorable vascular changes in young and otherwise healthy obese individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare caro...

BACKGROUND Extreme weather and air pollution are associated with increased cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes. OBJECTIVES In a population with diabetes, we conducted a novel assessment of vascular brachial artery responses both to ambient pollution and to weather (temperature and water vapor pressure, a measure of humidity). METHODS Sixty-four 49- to 85-year-old Boston residents wi...

ity in medicine. The measurement of vessel diameters can be done with conventional B-mode imaging systems, which work at frame rates up to 100 Hz. Furthermore, there are special systems available, which can track vessel walls very precisely using the phase of signals that are sent at frame rates up to several thousand Hertz. Though, such systems are usually not able to provide the examiner with...

OBJECTIVE To observe the topographic localization of the brachial artery termination. METHODS This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from December 2011 to February 2013. The bifurcation level of the brachial artery was determined in relation to the neck of the radius. Normal and abnormal terminatio...

Transient changes in arterial diameter in response to transient ischemia-induced changes in arterial blood velocity have been used as an index of vascular health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between blood velocity and diameter in the brachial artery by different methods of increasing blood velocity. Acute cigarette smoking was used with otherwise healthy young oc...

A 74-year-old man with hoarseness was diagnosed with a right-sided aortic arch and Kommerell's diverticulum by computed tomography (CT). The diverticulum had a maximum diameter of 33 mm, and surgical intervention was chosen because of the possibility of rupture. A right common carotid to right subclavian artery bypass was constructed, stent-graft was placed after the branching of the right comm...

BACKGROUND Nonliving chickens are commonly used as a microvascular anastomosis training model. However, previous studies have investigated only a few types of vessel, and no study has compared the characteristics of the various vessels. The present study evaluated the anatomic characteristics of various chicken vessels as a training model. METHODS Eight vessels-the brachial artery, basilic ve...