the bft approach is used to formulate the electronic states in graphene through a non-commutative space in the presence of a constant magnetic field b for the first time. in this regard, we introduce a second class of constrained system, which is not gauge symmetric but by applying bft method and extending phase space, the second class constraints  converts  to the first class constraints so th...

The Japanese approach to manage ment has been analyzed in a number of books and articles, including the best-seller Theory Z by William Ouchi (1981), subtitled "How American Business Can Meet the Japa nese Challenge." Ouchi advances The ory Z as a management style that not only yields greater productivity and prof itability, but also higher degrees of worker satisfaction, company loyalty, and p...

The structures and properties of [n]sila-acenes (n=2-4) were investigated by density functional theory method. The results of calculations were obtained at B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level on model species. Energetic criteria suggest that 2-1b (n=2), 3-1b (n=3), and 4-1b (n=4) isomers enjoy stabilization. By frontier orbital analysis, these systems are among the most stable of the family. Also, calcula...

The flow equivalence of sofic shifts is examined using results about the structure of the corresponding covers. A canonical cover generalising the left Fischer cover to arbitrary sofic shifts is introduced and used to prove that the left Krieger cover and the past set cover of a sofic shift can be divided into natural layers. These results are used to find the range of a flow invariant and to i...

Given a C2− Anosov diffeomorphism f:M→M, we prove that the Jacobian condition Jfn(p)=1, for every point p such fn(p)=p, implies transitivity. As application in celebrated theory of Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen, this result allows us to state classical theorem Livsic-Sinai without directly assuming transitivity as general hypothesis. A special consequence our is C2-Anosov diffeomorphism, which regular, in...

A class of vacuum initial-data sets is described which are based on certain expressions for the extrinsic curvature first studied and employed by Bowen and York. These expressions play a role for the momentum constraint of General Relativity which is analogous to the role played by the Coulomb solution for the Gauss-law constraint of electromagnetism.

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MSc THESIS APPLIED MATHEMATICS " Numerical treatment of stochastic control problems by Fourier-cosine series expansions, the dike height problem " I would like to acknowledge the advice and guidance of my supervisor Prof.dr.ir. C.W. Oosterlee. I also thank the members of my graduate committee and the members of the department at the CWI. Special thanks go to Bowen Zhang and Fang Fang, for helpi...