Hierarchies provide scalability in large networks and are integral to many widely-used protocols and applications. Previous approaches to constructing hierarchies have typically either assumed static hierarchy configuration, or have used bottom-up construction methods. We describe how to construct hierarchies in a top-down fashion, and show that our method is much more efficient than bottom-up ...

A novel inattention search paradigm (Mack & Rock, 1998) was used to assess the visual efficiency of fluorescent colored relative to nonfluorescent colored highway signs in a laboratory setting. Unexpected presentation of a fluorescent colored search target was not accompanied by an improvement in visual search time. However, visual search times improved dramatically once the participants develo...

Product lines evolve out of existing products. In order to evaluate the potential of creating a product line from existing products it is necessary to ‘mine’ their architectures and analyze the commonalities and variabilities across those architectures. To manage the evaluation process in a disciplined way this paper introduces the MAP (Mining Architectures for Product lines) method. MAP outlin...

Culture is assumed to play a pivotal role in business success and failure. In contrast to prevailing top-down perspectives, we propose an approach to studying culture that accounts for myriad organizational subcultures, how individuals fit into those subcultures, and the causes and consequences of shifts in culture and cultural fit. We propose that the language through which people communicate ...

Although research and practice agree that visions are essential for organizations, the process of vision development remains elusive in academic literature. Presenting the “theory wave“, this paper proposes a knowledge-based theory for developing sustainable visions to guide the creation of measures and actions in the future. Central to the theory wave, we suggest three features that characteri...

An ordered labeled tree is a tree which nodes are labeled and in which the left-to-right order among siblings is significant. Given two ordered labeled trees P and T , the constrained tree inclusion problem is to determine whether it is possible to obtain P from T by deleting degree-one or degreetwo nodes. G. Valiente proposed a bottom up algorithm which solves the problem in O(|P ||T |) time a...

The visual system performs complicated operations such as visual grouping e*ciently on its natural input. To study this adaptation to natural stimuli we measure spatio-temporal interactions of orientations in scenes with natural temporal structure recorded using a camera mounted to a cat’s head. We -nd long range spatial and long lasting temporal correlations of orientations with collinear inte...

In this article, we propose a new ontology evolution approach that combines a top-down and a bottom-up approach. This means that the manual request for changes (top-down) by the ontology engineer is complemented with an automatic change detection mechanism (bottom-up). The approach is based on keeping track of the different versions of ontology concepts throughout their lifetime (called virtual...