Applying two definitions of the union of IF-events, P. Grzegorzewski gave two generalizations of the inclusion-exclusion principle for IF-events.In this paper we prove an inclusion-exclusion principle for IF-states based on a method which can also be used to prove Grzegorzewski's inclusion-exclusion principle for probabilities on IF-events.Finally, we give some applications of this principle by...

BACKGROUND Surgical-site infections due to intraoperative contamination are chiefly ascribable to airborne particles carrying microorganisms. The purpose of this study is to identify the actions that increase the number of airborne particles in the operating room. METHODS Two surgeons and two surgical nurses performed three patterns of physical movements to mimic intraoperative actions, such ...

In investment selection problems, the existence of contingency and uncertainty may result in loss attribute information. Then, how to make proper decision-making will be a tricky proposition. this work, multiattribute group decision making (MAGDM) method based on generalized probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Bonferroni mean (GPHFBM) operator is constructed, which enables decision-makers select param...

* Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de Málaga, Spain. Email: [email protected] ° Department of Economics, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat-Gan, Israel, and Senior Research Fellow, CEPS/INSTEAD, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. Email: [email protected] This study has been prepared within the OPHI theme on multidimensionak poverty measurement. OPHI gratefully acknowledg...

background: one of the main challenges of healthcare systems of developing countries is health inequality. health inequality means inequality in individuals’ ability and proper functioning, resulting in inequality in social status and living conditions, which thwarts social interventions implemented by the government. objectives: this study aimed to determine and prioritize the social determina...

We investigate and propose two new Bonferroni means, that is, the optimized weighted BM (OWBM) and the generalized optimized weighted BM (GOWBM), whose characteristics are to reflect the preference and interrelationship of the aggregated arguments and can satisfy the basic properties of the aggregation techniques simultaneously. Further, we propose the intervalvalued intuitionistic fuzzy optimi...

In this paper, by using the Euler-Maclaurin expansion for the Riemann-$zeta$ function, we establish an inequality of a weight coefficient. Using this inequality, we derive a new reverse Hilbert's type inequality. As an applications, an equivalent form is obtained.

A smooth Gaussian random field with zero mean and unit variance is sampled on a discrete lattice, and we are interested in the exceedence probability (P-value) of the maximum in a finite region. If the random field is smooth relative to the mesh size, then the P-value can be well approximated by results for the continuously sampled smooth random field (Adler, 1981; Worsley, 1995a; Taylor and Ad...