Women are far more likely than men to suffer from Raynaud's disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are gender differences in local or central control of cutaneous blood flow that could account for the increased incidence of Raynaud's disease in women. To assess cutaneous blood flow, hand blood flow (HBF), finger blood flow (FBF), or skin perfusion (SP) was measured by...

Excess adiposity in infancy may predispose individuals to obesity later life. The literature on determinants of infants is equivocal. In this longitudinal cohort study, we investigated pre-pregnancy, prenatal and postnatal different indices infants, i.e., fat mass (FM), percent FM (%FM), index (FMI) log-log (FM/FFMp), from birth 6 months, using linear mixed-effects regression. Body composition ...

Stokes (1) reported that the colored substance in blood carries oxygen. This was followed by Hoppe-Seyler (2), who first crystallized this substance and coined the term hemoglobin. Additionally, it was shown that the pattern of light absorption changes when shaken with air (2). Hertzman (3) described using photoelectric plethysmography of fingers and toes as a dynamic analysis of the peripheral...

We thank D. Stanescu for his interest in our paper [1] and for giving us the opportunity to clarify an important methodological issue. First of all, we would like it to be remembered that our document was intended for use in designing clinical trials on pharmacological treatments of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The point we wanted to make clear is that, because of the well known poten...