Algal blooms have threatened the environmental functions of artificial seawater canals. Generally, water quality in a canal is managed by periodically circulating water from the sea into the canal. However, hydraulic characteristics from the canal design can interrupt the removal of algal blooms by water circulations in the canal. Accordingly, this study analyzed the effect of the hydraulic cha...

Nitrate uptake kinetics of different phytoplankton communities exhibit great variability over a 1-year period. Classical saturation kinetics accompanied by an induction phase are shown by blooms of Chaetoceros sp. in low nitrate waters. Biphasic kinetics, with transition points between 10 and 50 ìM, are shown by blooms of Skeletonema costatum and flagellates, while unsaturated kinetics (up to 1...

Summer upwelling occurs frequently off the southeast Vietnam coast in the western South China Sea (SCS), where summer phytoplankton blooms generally appear during June-August. In this study, we investigate inter-annual variation of Ekman pumping and offshore transport, and its modulation on summer blooms southeast of Vietnam. The results indicate that there are low intensities of summer blooms ...

Reports of toxic harmful algal blooms (HABs) attributed to the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. have been increasing in California during the last several decades. Whether this increase can be attributed to enhanced awareness and monitoring or to a dramatic upswing in the development of HAB events remains unresolved. Given these uncertainties, the ability to accurately and rapidly identify an emerg...

Chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentrations were monitored at weekly intervals across 21 river sites throughout the River Thames basin, southern England, between 2009 and 2011. Despite a 90% decrease in soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration of the lower River Thames since the 1990s, very large phytoplankton blooms still occur. Chlorophyll concentrations were highest in the mid and lower...

Wind-driven upwelling variability and local topography cause an upwelling shadow in the northern region of Monterey Bay, California, to persist seasonally. The present study applied partial least squares regression to a 7-yr time series collected within this retentive feature for the purpose of evaluating the environmental controls on total autotrophic phytoplankton (as chlorophyll a) and picop...

656 Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 13, No. 4, April 2007 because bacteria could have been transported to Chile by ballast water from the Northern Hemisphere (1,4,6). As in previous outbreaks, shellfish responsible for this epidemic were harvested near international shipping lanes (1,3,4,6). The appearance of V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 in Chile has thus converted the expans...

Using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) magnetic beads immunocapture and a PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique (BUMP-DGGE), we determined seasonal variations in the community structures of actively growing bacteria in the neritic waters of Hiroshima Bay, western Japan. The community structures of actively growing bacteria were separated into two clusters, corresponding to the ti...

After a 20-year absence, severe cyanobacterial blooms have returned to Lake Erie in the last decade, in spite of negligible change in the annual load of total phosphorus (TP). Medium-spectral Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) imagery was used to quantify intensity of the cyanobacterial bloom for each year from 2002 to 2011. The blooms peaked in August or later, yet correlate to discharge ...

analysis and design of object oriented is onemodern paradigms for developing a system. in this paradigm, there are several objects and each object plays some specific roles. identifying objects (and classes) is one of the most important steps in the object-oriented paradigm. this paper makes a literature review over techniques to identify objects and then presents six taxonomies for them. the f...