Numerous studies have shown that gradient-echo blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI is biased toward large draining veins. However, the impact of this large vein bias on the localization and characterization of semantic category areas has not been examined. Here we address this issue by comparing standard magnitude measures of BOLD activity in the Fusiform Face Area (FFA) and Parahippocampa...

OBJECTIVES Varicose veins are dilated tortuous veins of varying tone. Purinergic signalling is important in the control of tone and in mediating trophic changes in blood vessels. The expression of P2 receptors in control and varicose veins will be examined. METHODS Purinergic signalling in circular and longitudinal smooth muscle of the human long saphenous vein was studied in control and vari...

no difficulty was experienced in injecting the solution with a 10 c.c. glass serum syringe. The veins of the arm were constricted by a bandage or the hand of an assistant and the forearm massaged upwards until the veins became prominent. The needle was pushed into the vein and a little blood allowed to flow into the syringe to make certain that the needle was in the vein. After the solution had...

INTRODUCTION Patent paraumbilical and abdominal subcutaneous veins are found frequently as collaterals in patients due to portal hypertension mainly in liver cirrhosis. CASE PRESENTATION For evaluation of portal hypertension in a 72-year-old Caucasian man without liver cirrhosis, magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium contrast-enhancement was performed and demonstrated a missing inferior ...

Intrahepatic venous collaterals develop in Budd-Chiari syndrome, hepatomas, and other tumors if the hepatic veins are obstructed. In portal hypertension hepatic vein-to-vein anastomoses develop without obstruction of the hepatic veins. In a 53-year-old woman with giant cavernous hemangioma of the liver, hepatic venography demonstrated remarkable hepatic vein-to-vein anastomoses in the periphery...

The vertebrate circulatory system is composed of arteries and veins. The functional and pathological differences between these vessels have been assumed to reflect physiological differences such as oxygenation and blood pressure. Here we show that ephrin-B2, an Eph family transmembrane ligand, marks arterial but not venous endothelial cells from the onset of angiogenesis. Conversely, Eph-B4, a ...

Statistics, symptoms, complications of varicose veins the lower extremities were studied. According to data scientific and methodical literature, influence means physical rehabilitation patients on improvement venous blood flow was determined, most effective methods selected. It has been shown that (varicose veins) are common among all vascular diseases. The World Health Organization included i...

We studied isolated canine arteries and veins to compare the pharmacological properties of their postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors. Rings of femoral and splenic arteries and of femoral and saphenous veins were mounted for isometric tension recording in organ chambers filled with KrebsRinger bicarbonate solution. The four blood vessels contracted when exposed to methoxamine, norepinephrine, phe...

OBJECTIVES Varicocele, a dilatation of the pampiniform venous plexus, is considered to cause male infertility. The exact mechanism of varicocele development is not clarified yet. This study focused on the structure of varicocele veins, compared with normal spermatic veins, and its potential role in varicocele development. METHODS Morphologic and immunohistochemical studies using antibodies ag...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of milk yield on blood flow variables in the milk vein and musculophrenic vein in dairy cows. METHODS Five healthy dry cows, five cows with a daily milk yield of 10 kg and five others with a daily milk yield of 20 kg underwent B-mode and colour Doppler sonographic examination. The diameter of the veins, blood flow velocities and blood flow volumes...