The hemolysin (Hly/Bac) determinant in strains of Enterococcus faecalis was found to be present on plasmids in different incompatibility groups (conferring different sex pheromone responses) as well as on the chromosome. Of 33 Hly/Bac plasmids identified in clinical isolates, the related pheromone for 30 was cAD1; the related pheromone for another two (pYI1 and pYI3) or one (pYI2) was cOB1 or c...

Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR) are characterized by fever, shock, organ system failure, intravascular coagulation, and possibly death. The same findings may be associated with sepsis. Neutrophils have been implicated in the pathogenesis of HTR, although a mechanism for neutrophil activation has not been shown. In addition, the possible role that cytokines may play in HTR has not been inv...

BACKGROUND Hyperbilirubinemia, or jaundice, is a life threatening disorder in newborns. It is a multifactorial disorder with many symptoms. Generally, the physiological jaundice is the most prevalent type however in some regions pathological jaundice is also common. This review article focuses on a brief introduction to jaundice, its types and causes, measuring the bilirubin level, clinical app...

Introduction: Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a clinical condition in which fetal red blood cells are destroyed by maternal allo-antibodies directed red blood cell antigens acquired from the father. Justification: In many developing countries like Zambia, the true incidence of Hemolytic Disease of the New Born is not known. It may be postulated that hyperbilirubineamia due to ABO incompatib...

there are reports from different countries that some types of glaucoma are associated with blood groups. this cross-sectional study was performed on 400 glaucomatous patients [100 patients in each group of primary open angle glaucoma (poag), chronic angle closure glaucoma (cacg), pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (pexg) and primary congenital glaucoma (pcg)] and 400 blood donors as control group to as...

The clinical significance of ABO and Rhesus blood group systems has been well documented. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in blood donors in Lahore, Pakistan, with a view to generate data with multipurpose future practicalities in the field of medicine. Blood groups of 3000 blood donors were determined by commercially available standard ...

BACKGROUND Hyperbilirubinemia is a common disorder during the neonatal period. Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) carries a potential for permanent neurological impairment. The current study analyzed possible etiologies leading to NH. METHODS A retrospective cohort of neonates with total serum bilirubin (TSB) ≥ 20 mg/dL was surveyed from 1995 to 2007. Subjects with gestational ages < 34 ...

Rh incompatibility [4] occurs when a pregnant woman whose blood type is Rh-negative is exposed to Rh-positive blood from her fetus [5], leading to the mother?s development of Rh antibodies. These antibodies have the potential to cross the placenta [6] and attach to fetal red blood cells, resulting in hemolysis, or destruction of the fetus?s red blood cells. This causes the fetus [5] to become a...