We report changes in plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) concentrations evoked by the microinjection of l-glutamate (l-glu) into the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of unanesthetized rats, as well as which local mechanisms are involved in their mediation. l-Glu microinjection (10 nmol/100 nl) into the SON increased the circulating levels o...

Abstract Study question To improve the quality of aging oocytes by supplementing mitochondria from endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) via microinjection. Summary answer Supplementation with EnMSC-derived can and promote embryo development in mice. What is known already Maternal one major causes reduced ovarian reserve low oocyte elderly women. Decreased main cause age-related infertili...

Microinjection of dl-homocysteic acid (DLH), a glutamate analog, into the pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC) can produce tonic excitation of phrenic nerve discharge. Although this DLH-induced tonic excitation can be modified by systemic hypercapnia, the role of focal increases in pre-BötC CO(2)/H(+) in this modulation of the DLH-induced response remains to be determined. Therefore, we examined th...

Microinjection of Xenopus laevis oocytes followed by thin-sectioning electron microscopy (EM) is an excellent system for studying nucleocytoplasmic transport. Because of its large nucleus and high density of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), nuclear transport can be easily visualized in the Xenopus oocyte. Much insight into the mechanisms of nuclear import and export has been gained through use of...