in this work the effect of the accuracy of a fae detonation modeling on the generated blast wave is investigated. first, a one-dimensional numerical simulation with a reduced chemical kinetics of c2h2-o2-ar, involving 25 elementary reactions, is used as the base model. the properties of the blast calculated with this model is compared with those of simpler models, the similarity solution of tay...

An analysis of the interaction between a spherical relativistic blast -wave shell and a stationary cloud with a spherical cap geometry is performed assuming that the cloud width ∆cl ≪ x, where x is the distance of the cloud from the GRB explosion center. The interaction is divided into three phases: (1) a collision phase with both forward and reverse shocks; (2) a penetration phase when either ...

Despite recent efforts to understand blast effects on the human brain, there are still no widely accepted injury criteria for humans. Recent animal studies have resulted in important advances in the understanding of brain injury due to intense dynamic loads. However, the applicability of animal brain injury results to humans remains uncertain. Here, we use advanced computational models to deriv...

When a pressure wave of finite amplitude is generated in air by a rapid release of energy, such as high-pressure gas storage vessel or the blast from dynamite, there may be undetected brain injuries even though protective armors prevent the penetration of the projectile. To study brain tissue injury and design a better personnel head armor under blast wave, computational models of human head ha...

A hydraulic energy redirection and release technology has been developed for mitigating the effects of blast shock waves on protected objects. The technology employs a liquid-filled plastic tubing as a blast overpressure transformer to transfer kinetic energy of blast shock waves into hydraulic energy in the plastic tubings. The hydraulic energy is redirected through the plastic tubings to the ...

PURPOSE To evaluate retina and optic nerve damage following experimental blast injury. METHODS Healthy adult mice were exposed to an overpressure blast wave using a custom-built blast chamber. The effects of blast exposure on retina and optic nerve function and structure were evaluated using the pattern electroretinogram (pERG), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the chro...

We investigate the dynamics and radiation from a relativistic blast-wave which decelerates as it sweeps up ambient matter. The bulk kinetic energy of the blast-wave shell is converted into internal energy by the process of accreting external matter. If it takes the form of non-thermal electrons and magnetic fields, then this internal energy will be emitted as synchrotron and synchrotron self-Co...

Beaming of relativistic ejecta in GRBs has been postulated by many authors in order to reduce the total GRB energy, thus it is very important to look for the observational evidence of beaming. Rhoads (1999) has pointed out that the dynamics of the blast wave, which is formed when the beamed ejecta sweeping the external medium, will be significantly modified by the sideways expansion due to the ...

The choroid plexus in rats exhibited ultrastructural changes following a non-penetrative blast. The immunophenotypic features of epiplexus cells associated with the choroid plexus epithelium were also altered. In rats killed at 1 and 7 days after the blast, the intercellular spaces between the epithelial cells were greatly widened, coupled with the massive eruption and possible extrusion of the...