Saliva buffering test is in need of improvements. This article illustrates the most commonly used saliva buffering capacity tests and its major problems. Starting with Ericsson and his laboratory buffer capacity test and all the way to Kitasako a lot of issues are to release. The aim of this paper is to put saliva buffering tests up to serious discussion.

without any doubt, road safety (rs) needs a precise planning in road accident prevention. rs effects on different fields of the life. therefore, response to this need in order to promote the rs as well as to save more lives is the most asset in each country. in the recent years, statistics have been shown that the numbers of mortalities due to road crashes decreased. this shows the true motion ...

introduction: some fungi such as aspergillus, alternaria, cladosporium and fuzadium can peneterate matrix of contact lens. alternaria is a saprop and a pathogen in plants which is rarely seen in human being. this paper reported one case of contact lens contamination with alternaria in human. case report: the patient is a 24 year old woman who had used contact lens for 7 months. since she was on...

Most empirical work on color constancy is based on simple laboratory models of natural viewing conditions. These typically consist of spots seen against uniform backgrounds or computer simulations of flat surfaces seen under spatially uniform illumination. We report measurements made under more natural viewing conditions. The experiments were conducted in a room where the illumination was under...

The statistical correlation between the locations of hot spots at the surface of Earth and the distribution of ultra-low-velocity zones at the base of the mantle has about a 1 percent chance of arising randomly. This correlation is more significant than that between hot spots and negative velocity anomalies in tomographic models of deep mantle compressional and shear velocity. This correlation ...

A new species of Hisonotus is described from the rio São Francisco basin. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by having (1) a unique coloration pattern of caudal fin with one black spot extending from its origin to the ventral lobe and two dark spots at the end of the lobe's rays; (2) odontodes forming longitudinally aligned rows on head and trunk; (3) a functional V-shaped spin...

We present a study that aims at understanding how perception can be the result of a collective, self-organising process. A group of robots is placed in an environment characterised by black spots painted on the ground. The density of the spots can vary from trial to trial, and robots have to collectively encode such density into a coherent flashing activity. Overall, robots should prove capable...

Numerous X-ray bursts show strong oscillations in their flux at several hundred Hz as revealed by RXTE. Analyzing one such oscillation from the X-ray binary Aql X-1, I find that low energy photons (3.5–5.7 keV) lag high energy photons (> 5.7 keV) by approximately 1 radian. The oscillations are thought to be produced by hot spots on the spinning neutron star. The lags can then be explained by a ...

Despite the very important role of primary arteries and transportation network in providing relief for regions affected by an earthquake black spots, they have received less attention. Therefore, current study, at first, status quo traffic spots safe was identified to predict movement direction, evacuation residents from their habitat temporary residence using region zoning. The trips were assi...

The neotropical diamond weevil, Entimus imperialis, is marked by rows of brilliant spots on the overall black elytra. The spots are concave pits with intricate patterns of structural-coloured scales, consisting of large domains of three-dimensional photonic crystals that have a diamond-type structure. Reflectance spectra measured from individual scale domains perfectly match model spectra, calc...