OBJECTIVE To estimate the associations of maternal and paternal age at delivery and of birth order with the risk of childhood onset type 1 diabetes. DESIGN Cohort study by record linkage of the medical birth registry and the national childhood diabetes registry in Norway. SETTING Norway. SUBJECTS All live births in Norway between 1974 and 1998 (1.4 million people) were followed for a maxi...

In the rare hereditary bone disorder of osteopetrosis, reduced bone resorption function leads to both the development of densely sclerotic fragile bones and progressive obliteration of the marrow spaces and cranial foramina. Marrow obliteration, typically associated with extramedullary hemopoiesis and hepatosplenomegaly, results in anemia and thrombocytopenia and nerve entrapment accounts for p...

Birth weight is an important determinant of infant's well being as low birth weight is known to increase the risk adult onset of diseases like type-2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Maternal weight gain is one of the most important independent predictors of infant birth weight. Institute of Medicine of the National Academics, USA has recommended that total weight gain of mothers should be ...

conjoined twins, was a known type of birth in antiquity. it was mentioned in manuscripts and depicted in terracotta figurines and vase paintings. such findings were discovered in a variety of territories. religion, local cult, and simple iconography of a known phenomenon create a debate among scholars to annotate their discovery. gods and goddesses, magic figurines, sacred marriage, a binary hy...

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in infants with jaundice in Khalij-Fars Hospital of Bandar Abbas in 2015. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, which is done in 2015 in Khalij-Fars Hospital of Bandar-Abbas, 226 infants with jaundice were entered. Admission age, hospitalization time, gender, age of birth, birth weig...

introduction: diabetes mellitus (dm) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world and the most challenging health problems of the twenty first century. this disease is common in yazd and has a high prevalence in the province. due to not available analytic study, the aim of this study was to determine the risk factors of type 2 diabetes among the adult yazd population, iran. materials...

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of prenatal stunting on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue cellularity in swine at 96 and 109 kg live weight. Animals used in Exp. 1 were large (1.56 kg average birth weight) and runt (.97 kg) littermate pigs and pigs with very low birth weight (.79 kg). The pigs with very low birth weight were half sibs to the large and runt littermates. Pi...

Consider a birth and death chain to model the number of types of a given virus. Each type gives birth to a new type at rate λ and dies at rate 1. Each type is also assigned a fitness. When a death occurs either the least fit type dies (with probability 1 − r) or we kill a type at random (with probability r). We show that this random killing has a large effect (for any r > 0) on the behavior of ...