Birch is the most allergenic tree species in Northern and Central Europe. Airborne birch pollen concentrations are observed to be on rise for several decades. Health hazard due grains (BPGs) can worsen particulate air pollution. The prevalence of intimate mixture BPGs with atmospheric matter (APM) at single grain level still unraveled. In this study, APM transfer mechanisms catkins prior pollin...

in this research, effect of using hornbeam and beech branch woods in admixture with birch stem wood on their cmp pulp properties. using percentage of branch woods, with 20% constant content for birch stem wood, were 0, 16, 40, 56 and 80 in final mixture of hardwoods. the results indicated that cooking time, to reach 85% yield and under same cooking condition, and also refining quantity, to reac...

Raised bogs have accumulated more atmospheric carbon than any other terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. Climate-induced expansion of trees and shrubs may turn these ecosystems from net carbon sinks into sources when associated with reduced water tables. Increasing water loss through tree evapotranspiration could potentially deepen water tables, thus stimulating peat decomposition and carbon release...

Given the time scale based on duration of exposure to global warming, natural climate-gradient studies and experimental manipulations have detected long-term (decades centuries) short-term (years decades) ecological responses warming. Combination these two complementary approaches within a single study may enable prediction likely processes To understand how warming affects plant–herbivore inte...

In this 31-year retrospective study, we examined the influence of meteorology on airborne Betula spp. (birch) pollen concentrations in Turku, Finland. The seasonal incidence of airborne birch pollen in Turku occurred over a brief period each year during spring (April 30 - May 31). Mean peak concentrations were restricted to May (May 5 to 13). Statistically significant increases in the annual ac...

We incubated 196 large-diameter aspen (Populus tremuloides), birch (Betula papyrifera), and pine (Pinus taeda) logs on the FACE Wood Decomposition Experiment encompassing eight climatically-distinct forest sites in United States. sampled dead wood from these after 2 to 6 y of decomposition determined rot type as a continuous variable using lignin loss/density loss ratio (L/D) assessed wood-rott...

Abstract White birch (Betula platyphylla Sukaczev) and costata Trautv.) are valuable hardwood tree species growing in northeast China. Several taper studies have analysed the countries harbouring boreal forests. However, this study presents an initial attempt to develop stem models using fixed- mixed-effects modelling for white Xiaoxing’an Mountains, Ten commonly used were evaluated by 228 dest...

Exposure to bioaerosol allergens such as pollen can cause exacerbations of allergenic airway disease (AAD) in sensitive populations, and thus cause serious public health problems. Assessing these health impacts by linking the airborne pollen levels, concentrations of respirable allergenic material, and human allergenic response under current and future climate conditions is a key step toward de...

Background Millions of patients with allergy to tree pollen are sensitized to the major allergen of birch (Betula verrucosa) pollen, Bet v 1. Bet v 1-specific IgE cross-reacts with Bet v 1-homologous proteins from plant foods. Only little information on functional IgE epitopes of Bet v 1 and Bet v 1-like allergens in foods is available. We sought to generate a synthetic protein tool to identify...